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Tuesday, 03 December 19
STABILITY AND COMPATIBILITY OF VERY LOW SULPHUR FUEL OILS - GARD
 In order to meet increasing restrictions on the sulphur content in marine fuel as defined by MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 14.1.3, the characteristics of the blending component feedstocks, method of production and type of cutter stocks used may be different from those in use today. As a result, marine fuels post 2020, i.e. max 0.50% blended fuels, are expected to result in a wide range of fuel formulations and characteristics and, consequently, an increased risk of instability and incompatibility compared with most fuels currently being used.
The aim of the International Council on Combustion Engines’ (CIMAC) new guideline, Marine fuel handling in connection to stability and compatibility, is to provide a practical and working understanding of the definitions of stability and compatibility of residual marine fuel oils and how these two fuel properties may be best managed in the supply chain and on-board ships. The guideline also covers the accepted available test methodologies for stability and for predicting compatibility, as well as their applicability and correct interpretation.
CIMAC is a project sponsor of the Joint Industry Guidance on the supply and use of 0.50% – sulphur marine fuel which was released in August 2019. The new CIMAC guideline builds on the Joint Industry Guidance and provides practical and detailed advice on fuel handling that should be required reading for those responsible for procurement of bunkers and fuel management onboard for vessels using residual fuels.
Stability vs compatibility
Residual fuel oils contain asphaltenes which is a generic term covering a wide range of heavier hydrocarbon structures of high molecular weight and high carbon/hydrogen ratios. If the asphaltenes cannot be retained in their suspended state, they will drop out as sludge and the fuel becomes unstable – also called ‘asphaltene precipitation’. The sludge is difficult to remove and in the worst case can harden into “coke like material” that must be removed manually.
The stability of a residual fuel is defined by its resistance to precipitate asphaltenic sludge despite being subjected to forces, such as thermal and ageing stresses, while handled and stored under normal operating conditions.
While stability is a characteristic of a single fuel as supplied, compatibility is the ability of two or more fuels to be comingled without evidence of material separation; or in other words, no asphaltenes precipitating when the fuels are mixed. Two perfectly stable fuels may be incompatible when mixed. Two stable fuels that are compatible at some mixing ratios may also be incompatible at other mixing ratios. It is therefore critical to properly test for compatibility before commingling.
From a ship perspective, the impact of an unstable fuel is identical to the impact of having mixed two incompatible fuels. In both instances, excessive sludge concentration may form in tanks and can readily choke purifiers, filters, fuel injection equipment and even fuel lines themselves. However, the responsibilities are very different. “It is the responsibility of the supplier to provide a stable product whereas it is the responsibility of the engineers on board to apply best fuel management practice to mitigate the risk associated with mixing incompatible fuels” states CIMAC.
Key recommendations
In order to mitigate the risk of a fuel becoming unstable on board, CIMAC recommends all marine fuels be purchased under ISO 8217:2017, including the information given in the ISO/PAS 23263:2019. Furthermore, ships’ crews are advised to apply a “first-in first-out” fuel inventory principle and make every effort to prevent the fuel being unnecessarily heated over extended periods.
Commingling of bunker fuel is never recommended but if there is no other option than to load on top in the bunker tank, CIMAC recommends that compatibility checks are made using actual ratios or if not known then ratios of around 10/90, 50/50 and 90/10 are recommended as a minimum. CIMAC also emphasizes on controlled laboratory testing for determining stability or compatibility.
The guideline in its entirety is available on the CIMAC website.
Further reading
Reference is also made to our publications Marine fuel – a toxic mix? and Contaminated bunkers: protecting the purchaser, highlighting some learning points from the “Houston contaminated bunker” cases in 2018. Our Alert Is the fuel in your emergency equipment fit for the purpose? emphasizes the importance of ensuring quality fuel being used for emergency equipment.
Source: Gard
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Monday, 14 December 20
PHILIPPINE BANK RCBC TO STOP LENDING FOR NEW COAL-FIRED POWER PROJECTS - MANILA BULLETIN
Yuchengco-led Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation (RCBC) has forthrightly declared that it will no longer extend financing to new coal-fired power ...
Sunday, 13 December 20
LONGSTANDING DOWNSIDE RISKS TO TRADE OUTLOOK - BALTIC EXCHANGE
The OECD has attempted to put a positive spin on the trade message emanating from its latest economic outlook, released last week.
The ...
Sunday, 13 December 20
INDONESIA COAL OUTPUT AT 514 MILLION TONNES THIS YEAR, 2021 TARGET UNCHANGED - REUTERS
Indonesia coal output in the period to Dec. 10 stood at 514.2 million tonnes, official data from the energy ministry’s website showed.
&n ...
Thursday, 10 December 20
MALAYSIA'S CIMB ANNOUNCES COAL FINANCING PHASE-OUT BY 2040 AS ASIA'S FOSSIL FUEL DIVESTMENT DRIVE ACCELERATES - IEEFA
The first emerging markets bank to announce a progressive coal exit policy
Malaysia’s CIMB Group Holdings (CIMB) has announced ...
Wednesday, 09 December 20
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
Heading towards the end of a difficult year and with the entire planet under the shadow of the covid-19 virus, it is interesting to proceed with a ...
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Showing 711 to 715 news of total 6871 |
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- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Australian Coal Association
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Planning Commission, India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- The University of Queensland
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
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