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Tuesday, 03 December 19
STABILITY AND COMPATIBILITY OF VERY LOW SULPHUR FUEL OILS - GARD
 In order to meet increasing restrictions on the sulphur content in marine fuel as defined by MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 14.1.3, the characteristics of the blending component feedstocks, method of production and type of cutter stocks used may be different from those in use today. As a result, marine fuels post 2020, i.e. max 0.50% blended fuels, are expected to result in a wide range of fuel formulations and characteristics and, consequently, an increased risk of instability and incompatibility compared with most fuels currently being used.
The aim of the International Council on Combustion Engines’ (CIMAC) new guideline, Marine fuel handling in connection to stability and compatibility, is to provide a practical and working understanding of the definitions of stability and compatibility of residual marine fuel oils and how these two fuel properties may be best managed in the supply chain and on-board ships. The guideline also covers the accepted available test methodologies for stability and for predicting compatibility, as well as their applicability and correct interpretation.
CIMAC is a project sponsor of the Joint Industry Guidance on the supply and use of 0.50% – sulphur marine fuel which was released in August 2019. The new CIMAC guideline builds on the Joint Industry Guidance and provides practical and detailed advice on fuel handling that should be required reading for those responsible for procurement of bunkers and fuel management onboard for vessels using residual fuels.
Stability vs compatibility
Residual fuel oils contain asphaltenes which is a generic term covering a wide range of heavier hydrocarbon structures of high molecular weight and high carbon/hydrogen ratios. If the asphaltenes cannot be retained in their suspended state, they will drop out as sludge and the fuel becomes unstable – also called ‘asphaltene precipitation’. The sludge is difficult to remove and in the worst case can harden into “coke like material” that must be removed manually.
The stability of a residual fuel is defined by its resistance to precipitate asphaltenic sludge despite being subjected to forces, such as thermal and ageing stresses, while handled and stored under normal operating conditions.
While stability is a characteristic of a single fuel as supplied, compatibility is the ability of two or more fuels to be comingled without evidence of material separation; or in other words, no asphaltenes precipitating when the fuels are mixed. Two perfectly stable fuels may be incompatible when mixed. Two stable fuels that are compatible at some mixing ratios may also be incompatible at other mixing ratios. It is therefore critical to properly test for compatibility before commingling.
From a ship perspective, the impact of an unstable fuel is identical to the impact of having mixed two incompatible fuels. In both instances, excessive sludge concentration may form in tanks and can readily choke purifiers, filters, fuel injection equipment and even fuel lines themselves. However, the responsibilities are very different. “It is the responsibility of the supplier to provide a stable product whereas it is the responsibility of the engineers on board to apply best fuel management practice to mitigate the risk associated with mixing incompatible fuels” states CIMAC.
Key recommendations
In order to mitigate the risk of a fuel becoming unstable on board, CIMAC recommends all marine fuels be purchased under ISO 8217:2017, including the information given in the ISO/PAS 23263:2019. Furthermore, ships’ crews are advised to apply a “first-in first-out” fuel inventory principle and make every effort to prevent the fuel being unnecessarily heated over extended periods.
Commingling of bunker fuel is never recommended but if there is no other option than to load on top in the bunker tank, CIMAC recommends that compatibility checks are made using actual ratios or if not known then ratios of around 10/90, 50/50 and 90/10 are recommended as a minimum. CIMAC also emphasizes on controlled laboratory testing for determining stability or compatibility.
The guideline in its entirety is available on the CIMAC website.
Further reading
Reference is also made to our publications Marine fuel – a toxic mix? and Contaminated bunkers: protecting the purchaser, highlighting some learning points from the “Houston contaminated bunker” cases in 2018. Our Alert Is the fuel in your emergency equipment fit for the purpose? emphasizes the importance of ensuring quality fuel being used for emergency equipment.
Source: Gard
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Tuesday, 17 December 19
AUSTRALIA ENERGY MARKET OPERATOR TURNS SCROOGE ON COAL LOBBY: RUSSELL
Australia, which vies with Indonesia for the title of the world’s largest coal exporter, is planning for an electricity future where use of t ...
Tuesday, 17 December 19
BACK TO FUTURE FOR BUSH AS AUSTRALIA CONSIDERS MOVING AWAY FROM COAL NEWCASTLE - HERALD
Looking backwards could show the way forward for regional communities planning for a future beyond mining.
One of Australia’s ...
Tuesday, 17 December 19
CHINA TAIYUAN COAL TRANSACTION PRICE INDEX DOWN 0.01 PCT - XINHUA
China Taiyuan coal transaction price index stood at 133.16 points, down 0.01 percent week on week.
The index, released by China Taiy ...
Tuesday, 17 December 19
YEAR 2019: IT IS LOOKING SET THAT THIS YEAR WILL BE ONE OF THE SLOWEST IN TERMS OF DRY BULK NEWBUILDING ACTIVITY - ALLIED
With just two weeks remaining before 2019 comes to an end, it is now looking set that this year will be one of the slowest in terms of dry bulk new ...
Monday, 16 December 19
ULTRAMAX: A 63,000DWT SHIP FIXING DELIVERY FOR A SINGAPORE TRIP VIA INDONESIA, FOR RE-DELIVERY TO CHINA AT $11,000 - BALTIC BRIEFING
Capesize
It was one-way traffic for the Capesize market this past week, with all routes giving up value. While downward momentum may have slowe ...
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Showing 1241 to 1245 news of total 6871 |
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- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- PTC India Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- The University of Queensland
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Planning Commission, India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
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