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Tuesday, 03 December 19
STABILITY AND COMPATIBILITY OF VERY LOW SULPHUR FUEL OILS - GARD
 In order to meet increasing restrictions on the sulphur content in marine fuel as defined by MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 14.1.3, the characteristics of the blending component feedstocks, method of production and type of cutter stocks used may be different from those in use today. As a result, marine fuels post 2020, i.e. max 0.50% blended fuels, are expected to result in a wide range of fuel formulations and characteristics and, consequently, an increased risk of instability and incompatibility compared with most fuels currently being used.
The aim of the International Council on Combustion Engines’ (CIMAC) new guideline, Marine fuel handling in connection to stability and compatibility, is to provide a practical and working understanding of the definitions of stability and compatibility of residual marine fuel oils and how these two fuel properties may be best managed in the supply chain and on-board ships. The guideline also covers the accepted available test methodologies for stability and for predicting compatibility, as well as their applicability and correct interpretation.
CIMAC is a project sponsor of the Joint Industry Guidance on the supply and use of 0.50% – sulphur marine fuel which was released in August 2019. The new CIMAC guideline builds on the Joint Industry Guidance and provides practical and detailed advice on fuel handling that should be required reading for those responsible for procurement of bunkers and fuel management onboard for vessels using residual fuels.
Stability vs compatibility
Residual fuel oils contain asphaltenes which is a generic term covering a wide range of heavier hydrocarbon structures of high molecular weight and high carbon/hydrogen ratios. If the asphaltenes cannot be retained in their suspended state, they will drop out as sludge and the fuel becomes unstable – also called ‘asphaltene precipitation’. The sludge is difficult to remove and in the worst case can harden into “coke like material” that must be removed manually.
The stability of a residual fuel is defined by its resistance to precipitate asphaltenic sludge despite being subjected to forces, such as thermal and ageing stresses, while handled and stored under normal operating conditions.
While stability is a characteristic of a single fuel as supplied, compatibility is the ability of two or more fuels to be comingled without evidence of material separation; or in other words, no asphaltenes precipitating when the fuels are mixed. Two perfectly stable fuels may be incompatible when mixed. Two stable fuels that are compatible at some mixing ratios may also be incompatible at other mixing ratios. It is therefore critical to properly test for compatibility before commingling.
From a ship perspective, the impact of an unstable fuel is identical to the impact of having mixed two incompatible fuels. In both instances, excessive sludge concentration may form in tanks and can readily choke purifiers, filters, fuel injection equipment and even fuel lines themselves. However, the responsibilities are very different. “It is the responsibility of the supplier to provide a stable product whereas it is the responsibility of the engineers on board to apply best fuel management practice to mitigate the risk associated with mixing incompatible fuels” states CIMAC.
Key recommendations
In order to mitigate the risk of a fuel becoming unstable on board, CIMAC recommends all marine fuels be purchased under ISO 8217:2017, including the information given in the ISO/PAS 23263:2019. Furthermore, ships’ crews are advised to apply a “first-in first-out” fuel inventory principle and make every effort to prevent the fuel being unnecessarily heated over extended periods.
Commingling of bunker fuel is never recommended but if there is no other option than to load on top in the bunker tank, CIMAC recommends that compatibility checks are made using actual ratios or if not known then ratios of around 10/90, 50/50 and 90/10 are recommended as a minimum. CIMAC also emphasizes on controlled laboratory testing for determining stability or compatibility.
The guideline in its entirety is available on the CIMAC website.
Further reading
Reference is also made to our publications Marine fuel – a toxic mix? and Contaminated bunkers: protecting the purchaser, highlighting some learning points from the “Houston contaminated bunker” cases in 2018. Our Alert Is the fuel in your emergency equipment fit for the purpose? emphasizes the importance of ensuring quality fuel being used for emergency equipment.
Source: Gard
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Tuesday, 17 December 19
AUSTRALIA ENERGY MARKET OPERATOR TURNS SCROOGE ON COAL LOBBY: RUSSELL
Australia, which vies with Indonesia for the title of the world’s largest coal exporter, is planning for an electricity future where use of t ...
Tuesday, 17 December 19
BACK TO FUTURE FOR BUSH AS AUSTRALIA CONSIDERS MOVING AWAY FROM COAL NEWCASTLE - HERALD
Looking backwards could show the way forward for regional communities planning for a future beyond mining.
One of Australia’s ...
Tuesday, 17 December 19
CHINA TAIYUAN COAL TRANSACTION PRICE INDEX DOWN 0.01 PCT - XINHUA
China Taiyuan coal transaction price index stood at 133.16 points, down 0.01 percent week on week.
The index, released by China Taiy ...
Tuesday, 17 December 19
YEAR 2019: IT IS LOOKING SET THAT THIS YEAR WILL BE ONE OF THE SLOWEST IN TERMS OF DRY BULK NEWBUILDING ACTIVITY - ALLIED
With just two weeks remaining before 2019 comes to an end, it is now looking set that this year will be one of the slowest in terms of dry bulk new ...
Monday, 16 December 19
ULTRAMAX: A 63,000DWT SHIP FIXING DELIVERY FOR A SINGAPORE TRIP VIA INDONESIA, FOR RE-DELIVERY TO CHINA AT $11,000 - BALTIC BRIEFING
Capesize
It was one-way traffic for the Capesize market this past week, with all routes giving up value. While downward momentum may have slowe ...
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Showing 1241 to 1245 news of total 6871 |
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- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Planning Commission, India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- The University of Queensland
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- MS Steel International - UAE
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
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