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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Friday, 02 February 24
DRY BULK MARKET: THE DOWNWARD REVISION IN THE GROWTH OF CAPESIZE TONNE DAYS IN JANUARY WITH THE BCI DROPPING - MARIA BERTZELETOU
In the last week of January, the dry freight market sustained weakness in the Capesize segment, while the number of ballasters in the Southeast (SE ...
Friday, 02 February 24
COAL INDIA ACHIEVES NEARLY 80% OF ITS FY24 PRODUCTION TARGET IN TEN MONTHS - CNBCTV18
For the month of January, the company’s production grew by 9.1% from the same period last year to 78.4 Million Tonnes (MT), from 71.9 MT last ...
Thursday, 01 February 24
CHINA'S WIND, SOLAR CAPACITY TO OVERTAKE COAL IN 2024 - INDUSTRY BODY, REUTERS REPORTED
China’s installed wind and solar capacity is expected to overtake coal for the first time this year, according to industry forecasts.
&nb ...
Thursday, 01 February 24
ANTI-DEDUCTION CLAUSES: CAN A CHARTERER WITHHOLD HIRE WITHOUT AN OWNER'S CONSENT? - SKULD
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
Summary
In The Anna Dorothea, the Court found that where a charterparty provides that no deduction from hire may be m ...
Thursday, 01 February 24
INDIA REBUILDS COAL STOCKS TO ENSURE ELECTRIC RELIABILITY - REUTERS
India’s electricity supply is much more comfortable at the start of 2024 than in either 2023 or 2022 as coal production has ramped up and the ...
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Showing 41 to 45 news of total 6871 |
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- Australian Coal Association
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- White Energy Company Limited
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Planning Commission, India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
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