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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Saturday, 09 October 21
CHINA POWER CUTS: COAL MINERS ORDERED TO BOOST OUTPUT, SAY REPORTS - BBC
Beijing has reportedly ordered China’s coal mines to boost output as an energy shortage across the country has seen millions of homes and bus ...
Friday, 08 October 21
SEPTEMBER CRUDE OIL TANKER DEMOLISHING HITS 39-MONTHS HIGH AT 1.9M DWT - PETER SAND
Has the lid finally come off for crude oil tanker demolition in 2021? If judged by the 1.9m DWT of capacity that was removed in September, the answ ...
Friday, 08 October 21
COAL SHORTAGE MAY LEAD TO RISE IN STEEL PRICES IN COMING MONTHS: JSPL MD - PTI
Steel prices are expected to increase in the coming months as companies are buying coal at three times the rates a month ago, said a top industry e ...
Wednesday, 06 October 21
INDONESIA COAL PRICE REFERENCE: ANOTHER MONTH, ANOTHER RALLY
COALspot.com: Indonesian Coal Price Reference in a steep climb for most of second and third quarters of 2021 as it reached a pinnacle of $161.63 Oc ...
Wednesday, 06 October 21
EUROPEAN COAL FUTURES CLIMB TO 13-YEAR PEAK - REUTERS
European coal futures rose to a 13-year high and physical thermal coal prices were at record highs as rallying gas prices and strong Asian demand f ...
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- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- PTC India Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- White Energy Company Limited
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- The University of Queensland
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
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