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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Wednesday, 13 October 21
FBX INDEX: THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF SHORT-TERM FORECASTING - LARS JENSEN
Will freight rates on Asia-Europe or the Transpacific reach 40.000 USD/FFE in the run-up prior to Chinese New Year 2022? Or will they start droppin ...
Wednesday, 13 October 21
CHINA FLOODS: COAL PRICE HITS FRESH HIGH AS MINES SHUT - BBC
The price of coal used in China’s power plants has surged to a new record high as another of the country’s key mining regions is hit by ...
Tuesday, 12 October 21
BUMA SIGNS CONDITIONAL AGREEMENT FOR AUSTRALIAN ASSET ACQUISITION
PT Tbk. announced that its subsidiary, PT Bukit Makmur Mandiri Utama, through its newly incorporated Australian subsidiary, BUMA International Pty ...
Tuesday, 12 October 21
INDONESIA'S COAL-BASED POWER PLANTS ARE SUBJECT TO CARBON TAX NEXT YEAR, ELECTRICITY COSTS COULD RISE! - CNBC
The Indonesian government is planning plans to implement a carbon tax of IDR 30 per kilogram (kg) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) or equivalent ...
Monday, 11 October 21
COAL ABANDONMENT IN POWER GENERATION PROMOTED GAS DEMAND GROWTH IN EUROPE - TOP MANAGER: TASS
Accelerated abandonment of coal in power generation and the overall recovery of economic activity facilitated gas demand growth in Europe and led t ...
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- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Minerals Council of Australia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- White Energy Company Limited
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- The University of Queensland
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- PTC India Limited - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Planning Commission, India
- Australian Coal Association
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
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