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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Monday, 27 September 21
CHINESE COAL FIRMS MEET TO ADDRESS WINTER SUPPLY CHALLENGES - CNBC
Major Chinese coal producers are trying to resolve supply shortages and curb price rises as the country’s winter consumption peak approaches, ...
Saturday, 25 September 21
HIGH STAKES FOR ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK’S AMBITIOUS COAL POWER RETIREMENT PLAN - IEEFA
Implementation challenges could block funding for other equally important high impact clean energy funding strategies
In the lead up ...
Thursday, 23 September 21
LONGER COAL CONTRACTS MAY REIN IN PRICES - ECNS
In China’s coal sector that has been marred recently by price surges, regional authorities and related enterprises should ensure the fuel con ...
Thursday, 23 September 21
BALTIC INDEX HITS 12-YEAR PEAK ON FIRMER VESSELS RATES - REUTERS
The Baltic Exchange’s main dry bulk sea freight index rose for a fourth straight session on Wednesday to a 12-year high, buoyed by higher rat ...
Thursday, 23 September 21
RECORD-HIGH GAS PRICES AFFECT MANY EUROPEAN CORPORATE SECTORS - FITCH RATINGS
Record-high natural gas prices are putting pressure on supply chains of many European corporate sectors, including non-integrated energy suppliers, ...
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- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
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- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Marubeni Corporation - India
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- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
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- Romanian Commodities Exchange
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- Mjunction Services Limited - India
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- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
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- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
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- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Planning Commission, India
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- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
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- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
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- The Treasury - Australian Government
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- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
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- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
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- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
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- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Deloitte Consulting - India
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- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
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- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- White Energy Company Limited
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- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
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- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
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- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
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- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
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- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
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- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
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- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
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- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
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- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Australian Coal Association
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- Economic Council, Georgia
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- Eastern Coal Council - USA
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- Parliament of New Zealand
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