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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Tuesday, 26 October 21
CHINA'S COAL-RICH SHANXI BEEFS UP COAL PRODUCTION - XINHUA
Major coal producers in north China’s Shanxi Province, a leading coal-producing region of the country, have beefed up production to ensure en ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
ENERGY CRISIS SHOWS COAL IS AN EXPENSIVE AND UNRELIABLE SOURCE OF ELECTRICITY GENERATION - IEEFA
Any knee-jerk reaction that urges more investment in coal completely misses the point
India is teetering on the brink of joining a growing glo ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
CHINA TO INVESTIGATE ENERGY INDEX PROVIDERS IN BID TO TAME COAL PRICES - REUTERS
China said on Monday it will investigate energy price index providers as it urged coal industry participants to “strictly” meet contrac ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
THERE IS PLENTY OF COAL AND GAS IN THE WORLD BUT A VOLATILE MARKET IS NOBODY'S FRIEND - IEEFA
Gas will be winding its way out of the energy system
Gas prices are continuing to surge around the world. The cost of gas is at unpr ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
AUSTRALIA EXPORTED 51.6 MLN TONNES OF COAL TO INDIA IN FIRST 10 MONTHS, 19% OF ALL AUSTRALIAN COAL EXPORTS; CHINA WAS THE DESTINATION FOR JUST 0.7% - BANCHERO COSTA
2020 proved to be a truly terrible year for global seaborne coal trade. In 2021 things started pretty badly, but we are seeing increasing signs of ...
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- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- White Energy Company Limited
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Planning Commission, India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- PTC India Limited - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
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