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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Tuesday, 26 October 21
CHINA'S COAL-RICH SHANXI BEEFS UP COAL PRODUCTION - XINHUA
Major coal producers in north China’s Shanxi Province, a leading coal-producing region of the country, have beefed up production to ensure en ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
ENERGY CRISIS SHOWS COAL IS AN EXPENSIVE AND UNRELIABLE SOURCE OF ELECTRICITY GENERATION - IEEFA
Any knee-jerk reaction that urges more investment in coal completely misses the point
India is teetering on the brink of joining a growing glo ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
CHINA TO INVESTIGATE ENERGY INDEX PROVIDERS IN BID TO TAME COAL PRICES - REUTERS
China said on Monday it will investigate energy price index providers as it urged coal industry participants to “strictly” meet contrac ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
THERE IS PLENTY OF COAL AND GAS IN THE WORLD BUT A VOLATILE MARKET IS NOBODY'S FRIEND - IEEFA
Gas will be winding its way out of the energy system
Gas prices are continuing to surge around the world. The cost of gas is at unpr ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
AUSTRALIA EXPORTED 51.6 MLN TONNES OF COAL TO INDIA IN FIRST 10 MONTHS, 19% OF ALL AUSTRALIAN COAL EXPORTS; CHINA WAS THE DESTINATION FOR JUST 0.7% - BANCHERO COSTA
2020 proved to be a truly terrible year for global seaborne coal trade. In 2021 things started pretty badly, but we are seeing increasing signs of ...
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- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Australian Coal Association
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- PTC India Limited - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- The University of Queensland
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- White Energy Company Limited
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Planning Commission, India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
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