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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Tuesday, 26 October 21
CHINA'S COAL-RICH SHANXI BEEFS UP COAL PRODUCTION - XINHUA
Major coal producers in north China’s Shanxi Province, a leading coal-producing region of the country, have beefed up production to ensure en ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
ENERGY CRISIS SHOWS COAL IS AN EXPENSIVE AND UNRELIABLE SOURCE OF ELECTRICITY GENERATION - IEEFA
Any knee-jerk reaction that urges more investment in coal completely misses the point
India is teetering on the brink of joining a growing glo ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
CHINA TO INVESTIGATE ENERGY INDEX PROVIDERS IN BID TO TAME COAL PRICES - REUTERS
China said on Monday it will investigate energy price index providers as it urged coal industry participants to “strictly” meet contrac ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
THERE IS PLENTY OF COAL AND GAS IN THE WORLD BUT A VOLATILE MARKET IS NOBODY'S FRIEND - IEEFA
Gas will be winding its way out of the energy system
Gas prices are continuing to surge around the world. The cost of gas is at unpr ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
AUSTRALIA EXPORTED 51.6 MLN TONNES OF COAL TO INDIA IN FIRST 10 MONTHS, 19% OF ALL AUSTRALIAN COAL EXPORTS; CHINA WAS THE DESTINATION FOR JUST 0.7% - BANCHERO COSTA
2020 proved to be a truly terrible year for global seaborne coal trade. In 2021 things started pretty badly, but we are seeing increasing signs of ...
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- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Minerals Council of Australia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- White Energy Company Limited
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Parliament of New Zealand
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- PTC India Limited - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- The University of Queensland
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Planning Commission, India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
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