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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Thursday, 30 June 22
INVESTMENT IN GLOBAL COAL SUPPLY CHAIN TO HIT $115 BN IN 2022, LED BY CHINA AND INDIA - BUSINESS LINE
At over $80 billion, China and India are anticipated to make up the bulk of global coal investment in 2022, says IEA.
The investment ...
Wednesday, 29 June 22
LNG MARKET REMAINS TIGHT - INTERMODAL
LNG market remains tight currently, mainly driven by the US LNG outage from the recent fire in Freeport LNG terminal together with the recent fall ...
Wednesday, 29 June 22
CHINA'S NEW PLAN FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT FOCUSES ON CONSUMPTION - FITCH RATINGS
China’s focus on consumption penetration for renewable energy development in its recently released 14th five-year plan – 2021 to 2025 & ...
Wednesday, 29 June 22
APAC CORPORATE SECTOR OUTLOOKS SHIFT AMID GLOBAL SHOCKS - FITCH RATINGS’
Fitch Ratings’ mid-2022 corporate sector outlook review revealed that the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region saw the largest number of sector outlook ...
Thursday, 16 June 22
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
Picking up from my last insight in March, on the early days of the invasion, it's worth pointing out the way that the fast-paced working enviro ...
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- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Australian Coal Association
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- The University of Queensland
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
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