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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Tuesday, 26 April 22
CHINA'S APPETITE FOR BAUXITE HITS NEW RECORD AS Q1 IMPORTS JUMP 15.4% Y/Y - BIMCO
Bauxite shipments arriving in China hit new record levels in the first quarter of 2022 and grew at an average annual rate of 12.8% between 2017 and ...
Tuesday, 26 April 22
INDIA'S COAL IMPORTS ARE SHIFTING, THERMAL MORE THAN COKING - REUTERS
India’s coal imports are starting to reflect shifting world trade and pricing dynamics in the wake of Russia’s invasion of neighbouring ...
Monday, 18 April 22
GERMAN COAL IMPORTERS EXPECT A BRIEF SPIKE IN PRICES ON EU BAN - REUTERS
A European Union embargo on Russian coal imports will push up prices in the short term before alternative supplies become available to steady the c ...
Monday, 18 April 22
FINNISH 'LOOPHOLES' ALLOW IMPORTS OF RUSSIAN COAL AND OIL TO CONTINUE - EURONEWS
Activists in Finland are calling for the government to clamp down faster on state-owned companies that continue to import raw materials from Russia ...
Monday, 18 April 22
GOVT IN DISCUSSION WITH WORLD BANK ON FRAMEWORK FOR COAL MINE CLOSURE - BUSINESS STANDARD
The coal ministry is in discussions with the World Bank for collaboration on the mine closure framework, a government official said on Wednesday.
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- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Planning Commission, India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Minerals Council of Australia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
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