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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Monday, 04 July 22
INDONESIAN COAL PRICE REFERENCE SLIGHTLY DOWN IN JULY
COALspot.com: Indonesian Coal Price Reference for July delivery drops 1.52 per cent month on month.
The Indonesian Coal Price Refere ...
Sunday, 03 July 22
CHINESE VICE PREMIER STRESSES CLEAN, EFFICIENT USE OF COAL - XINHUA
Chinese Vice Premier Han Zheng has stressed efforts to promote the clean and efficient use of coal, and pursue green, low-carbon and high-quality d ...
Sunday, 03 July 22
SOVEREIGN SECTOR OUTLOOK REVISED TO NEUTRAL ON UKRAINE WAR IMPACT - FITCH RATINGS
The deterioration in global sovereign credit conditions this year relative to our expectations at end-2021 has caused Fitch Ratings to change its g ...
Saturday, 02 July 22
GLOBAL SEABORNE COAL EXPORTS IN 2021 INCREASED BY 4.4% Y-O-Y TO 1147 MLN TONNES - BANCHERO COSTA
In the full 12 months of 2021, global seaborne coal exports increased by +4.4% y-o-y to 1147 mln tonnes, from 1099 mln tonnes in 2020, according to ...
Friday, 01 July 22
INDIA'S TOP CEMENT MAKER PAYING FOR RUSSIAN COAL IN CHINESE YUAN - REUTERS
India’s biggest cement producer, UltraTech Cement ULTC.NS, is importing a cargo of Russian coal and paying using Chinese yuan, according to a ...
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- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- White Energy Company Limited
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- The University of Queensland
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
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