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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Thursday, 15 July 21
U.S. FOSSIL FUEL CONSUMPTION FELL BY 9% IN 2020, THE LOWEST LEVEL IN NEARLY 30 YEARS - EIA
U.S. fossil fuel consumption fell by 9% in 2020, the lowest level in nearly 30 years
In 2020, total consumption of fossil fuels in t ...
Thursday, 15 July 21
IN 2020, U.S. COAL PRODUCTION FELL TO ITS LOWEST LEVEL SINCE 1965 - EIA
U.S. coal production totaled 535 million short tons (MMst) in 2020, a 24% decrease from the 706 MMst mined in 2019 and the lowest level of coal pro ...
Wednesday, 14 July 21
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
In its latest Global Economic Prospects report, the world bank recorded the strongest post-recession global growth in 80 years, but emerging and de ...
Tuesday, 13 July 21
JAPAN STILL SEEKING TO EXPLOIT COAL POWER LOOPHOLES - IEEFA
JBIC wants to continue burdening developing nations with its expensive coal-fired power technology
Japan is continuing to push its expensive c ...
Sunday, 11 July 21
COAL SHOWS ITS STAYING POWER AS ECONOMIES BOUNCE BACK - THE WALL STREET JOURNAL
Coal use is surging in some of the world’s largest economies as electricity demand rebounds from the pandemic, illustrating the challenges to ...
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- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Australian Coal Association
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Planning Commission, India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- The University of Queensland
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
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