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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Monday, 09 August 21
CHINA COAL INVENTORY THINS AMID PEAK POWER DEMAND- STATE MEDIA : REUTERS
China’s coal inventories have dropped to near historic lows since August due to peak summer electricity demand and transportation bottlenecks ...
Wednesday, 04 August 21
THE INDONESIAN COAL PRICE REFERENCE SURGED TO A FRESH RECORD HIGH OF USD 130.99 A TON IN AUGUST 2021
COALspot.com: The Indonesian Coal Price Reference ( HBA) surged to a fresh record high of USD 130.99 a ton in August 2021.
The ...
Wednesday, 04 August 21
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
Unlike the Dry Bulk and Container sectors where freight rates have surged into 2021, the tankers market continues to experience lackluster earnings ...
Sunday, 01 August 21
SEABORNE HARD COAL TRADE IN 2020 DECREASED BY 149 MILLION MT, OR 12.1%, TO 1,083 MILLION MT - GERMAN COAL IMPORTERS ASSOCIATION
- Reduced coal-fired power plant fleet secures Germany’s power supply in severe winter of 2020/2021; little wind availability and hence stron ...
Wednesday, 28 July 21
IN THE PHILIPPINES, COAL’S DEMISE MAKES WAY FOR A RENEWABLE ENERGY BOOM - IEEFA
Imported gas lock-in could undermine the economic benefits of a clean energy transition
The Philippines’ energy sector is on t ...
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- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- The University of Queensland
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- PTC India Limited - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Minerals Council of Australia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- White Energy Company Limited
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Planning Commission, India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
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