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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Friday, 20 August 21
ARE WE LOOKING AT THE NEXT DRY BULK SUPER CYCLE? IS IT EVEN A CYCLE? - BIMCO
Throughout the first half of the year, talk of a new dry bulk super cycle has been on many lips as commodity prices have soared to multi-year highs ...
Friday, 20 August 21
BIMCO'S SHIPPING NUMBER OF THE WEEK: CHINESE IRON ORE IMPORTS FALL TO 14-MONTH LOW IN JULY - PETER SAND
Chinese iron ore imports fell to 88.5 million tonnes in July, the lowest level since May 2020. The fall in July means that accumulated imports are ...
Friday, 20 August 21
SOARING DEMAND FOR THE WORLD’S LEAST-LIKED COMMODITY SEES THERMAL COAL PRICES JUMP 106% THIS YEAR - CNBC
Soaring electricity demand, infrastructure woes and a surge in global gas prices have triggered an extraordinary rally for the world’s least ...
Friday, 20 August 21
CHINA’S IRON ORE IMPORTS CONTRACTED YEAR-ON-YEAR BY 2% IN 2018 AND GREW YEAR-ON-YEAR BY ONLY 1% IN 2019 - COMMODORE RESEARCH
Examining the last ten years of China’s crude steel output and iron ore imports shows that China’s iron ore imports have stayed r ...
Friday, 13 August 21
INDONESIA’S COAL EXPORTS TO JAPAN DECLINED BY -26.3% YOY TO 11.9 MLN TONNES IN THE FIRST 7 MONTHS OF 2021; STILL THE SECOND LARGEST SOURCE FOR JAPAN’S COAL IMPORTS IS INDONESIA - BANCHERO COSTA
2020 proved to be a truly terrible year for global seaborne coal trade. Total global loadings in the 12 months of 2020 were down -12.7% year-on-yea ...
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- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- The University of Queensland
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- PTC India Limited - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
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