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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Wednesday, 28 March 18
RIO TINTO TO SELL KESTREL MINE FOR $2.25 BILLION - REUTERS
Rio Tinto sold its remaining coal asset Kestrel in Australia to private equity manager EMR Capital and Indonesia’s Adaro Energy Tbk for $2.25 ...
Friday, 23 March 18
RIO TINTO AGREES SALE OF HAIL CREEK AND VALERIA TO GLENCORE FOR $1.7 BILLION
Press Release: Rio Tinto has entered into a binding agreement with Glencore for the sale of its entire interests in the Hail Creek coal mine and th ...
Wednesday, 21 March 18
CHINA'S RAW COAL OUTPUT UP IN 2017, FIRST GROWTH SINCE 2014 - XINHUA
China’s raw coal output rose in 2017 due to rebounding demand and high-quality capacity, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) ...
Wednesday, 21 March 18
MARKET INSIGHT - CHRISTOPHER T. WHITTY
President’s Trump administration proposed tariffs on steel and aluminum imports in an attempt to target China and Europe among others. Earlie ...
Tuesday, 20 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GEORGE LAZARIDIS
It has been a chilling start to the week for the global economy, with the vast majority of stock exchanges noting a fair drop, after a series of se ...
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Showing 1761 to 1765 news of total 6871 |
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- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Planning Commission, India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Australian Coal Association
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
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