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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Wednesday, 28 March 18
RIO TINTO TO SELL KESTREL MINE FOR $2.25 BILLION - REUTERS
Rio Tinto sold its remaining coal asset Kestrel in Australia to private equity manager EMR Capital and Indonesia’s Adaro Energy Tbk for $2.25 ...
Friday, 23 March 18
RIO TINTO AGREES SALE OF HAIL CREEK AND VALERIA TO GLENCORE FOR $1.7 BILLION
Press Release: Rio Tinto has entered into a binding agreement with Glencore for the sale of its entire interests in the Hail Creek coal mine and th ...
Wednesday, 21 March 18
CHINA'S RAW COAL OUTPUT UP IN 2017, FIRST GROWTH SINCE 2014 - XINHUA
China’s raw coal output rose in 2017 due to rebounding demand and high-quality capacity, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) ...
Wednesday, 21 March 18
MARKET INSIGHT - CHRISTOPHER T. WHITTY
President’s Trump administration proposed tariffs on steel and aluminum imports in an attempt to target China and Europe among others. Earlie ...
Tuesday, 20 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GEORGE LAZARIDIS
It has been a chilling start to the week for the global economy, with the vast majority of stock exchanges noting a fair drop, after a series of se ...
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Showing 1761 to 1765 news of total 6871 |
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- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Planning Commission, India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- White Energy Company Limited
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
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