We welcome article submissions from experts in the areas of coal, mining,
shipping, etc.
To Submit your article please click here.
|
|
|
Monday, 08 July 13
ECO-FRIENDLY COAL FOR CHINA - VALUE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT AND VALUE FOR THE POWER GENERATOR - BY: LINDSAY JUNIPER
COALspot.com : January 2013 saw an episode of extreme particulate pollution in Beijing 35 times worse than the safe level recommended by the World Health Organisation. The Chinese Government Environmental Authority reported that the pollution derived from vehicle exhaust (22%), industry (16%), natural dust (16%), coal burning (17%) and unaccounted (29%).
Prompted by this episode, Lindsay Juniper, Director at Lindsay Juniper Pty Ltd and formerly the Director of Ultra Systems Technology Pty Ltd has written a paper entitled Eco-Friendly Coal for China – Value for the Environment and Value for the Power Generator. The paper’s objective is to investigate the extent to which Australian higher rank, low ash coal for power generation can contribute to a reduction in severe atmospheric pollution in a cost-effective way. In other words, the environment and power station performance can both be improved by utilizing better quality and relatively cleaner burning coals. But the quality of coals available on the seaborne market has been deteriorating in recent years so how is this to be achieved? To reverse the trend in coal quality deterioration a new, large volume source is required. China’s high ash, low rank domestic coal can be replaced with high rank, low ash imported coal soon to be sourced from Australia’s Galilee Basin.
Coal quality impacts on power station boiler efficiency. As quality improves less coal is needed to be mined, less coal needs to be transported to exporting ports, less coal needs to be transported from destination ports to the power stations and less coal needs to be burnt. All of these contribute to a better environmental outcome.
Coal with high ash content (20% or higher) causes power stations to emit more particulate matter into the atmosphere than if they used a lower ash (say 10%) coal. Higher levels of impurities (those coal components which do not contribute to the combustion process) such as ash and moisture cause power stations to operate at less than optimal efficiency. The higher the level of impurities, the less the energy content in the coal and the higher the volume consumed to achieve required power station outputs. Substituting low rank, high ash Chinese domestic coal with high rank, low ash Australian alternatives such as those planned to be exported from the Galilee Basin will result in less emissions in terms of actual particulates per tonne burnt as well as lower tonnages to be transported and burnt to achieve equivalent power station output.
China’s 12th Five Year Plan provides for a limit on domestic coal production, capping it at 3.9 billion tonnes per annum from 2015. Australian Galilee Basin coals will soon be available to support this measure by supplementing demand projected to exceed 3.9 billion tonnes in coming years with a cleaner more cost effective alternative to high ash coals. Options for supplementing coal production beyond 2015 by switching to other technologies (e.g. gas, renewables) are not optimal as these are not all capable of consistently providing fuel for base load power generation. Gas supply is limited and hydro power plants and other renewable sources are susceptible to external forces such as the availability of rainfall, wind and sunshine. Additionally nuclear power has been stigmatised by the Fukushima disaster in Japan.
Pricing and more importantly valuing coals is no longer a simple process of adjusting the price in accordance with the energy content. Price and value are now more accurately calculated by considering the impact the coal has on all of the purchase, transportation and utilisation costs involved in producing a unit of electricity. This is achieved by measuring the coal’s Value-in-Use. This calculates the impact of coal properties on the technical performance of the coal and their influence on costs within the power station including costs that relate to mitigation of any environmental impacts. Higher environmental value accrues through:
- A reduction in potentially deleterious trace element containing particulate material released to the atmosphere
- A reduction in CO emissions
- A reduction in ash disposal requirements.
In summary, it can be proven conclusively that improving coal quality contributes to an improvement in a power station’s environmental performance, and that coals need to be assessed based on the value they provide to a power station via the cost of production of electricity rather than on the simplistic basis of their cost per unit of contained energy.
Author: Lindsay Juniper, Director, Lindsay Juniper Pty Ltd.
To read complete report please click here
Views and opinions / conclusion expressed herein are personal views of the author and not that of COALspot.com. This article is subject to disclaimer terms of COALspot.com.
If you believe an article violates your rights or the rights of others, please contact us.
|
|
Monday, 16 September 13
WHAT RECOVERY MEANS FOR THE CAPESIZE MARKET - COMMODORE RESEARCH
COALspot.com: The simple fact that capesize rates have been able to increase above the $9,000/mark and become much more responsive to changes in car ...
Monday, 16 September 13
CFR SOUTH CHINA COAL SWAP: STABLE TO STEADY
COALspot.com : SGX has launched API 8 CFR South China Coal Swap on 29 April 2013 and SGX replaced the previous swap.
API 8 CFR South China Coal s ...
Monday, 16 September 13
INDONESIAN SUB-BIT COAL SWAP STRUGGLING TO FINDS THE RIGHT PATH
COALspot.com – Sub-Bit Indonesia coal swap (FOB ) for average Q4 2013 delivery down 0.75 percept month on month on Friday 13 Septe ...
Sunday, 15 September 13
CAPE FREIGHT RATES RISE ON HIGH DEMAND AND TIGHT AVAILABILITY - CAPT. REDDY
COALspot.com : The BDI, Cape and Panamax indices are continued to rise and saw a steep surge with average index in these segments up around 25 pct w ...
Friday, 13 September 13
US COAL OUTPUT SLIPS 3.34% ON-WEEK
COALspot.com – United states the world’s second largest coal producer produced totaled approximately 20.20 million short tons (mmst) of ...
|
|
|
Showing 4121 to 4125 news of total 6871 |
|
 |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
 |
|
|
| |
|
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- White Energy Company Limited
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- PTC India Limited - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Economic Council, Georgia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
|
| |
| |
|
