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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Thursday, 03 May 12
DRY BULK MARKET REMAINS INACTIVE, POSTING MILD DECREASE - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The dry bulk market has kept retreating this week, although at a very low pace, on the back of a lull in demand. The industry's benchmark, th ...
Thursday, 03 May 12
MINERS DEMAND LEGAL CERTAINTY ON PRE-BAN INTERIM POLICY - THE JAKARTA POST
The Jakarta Post reported that, Mining companies represented by the Indonesian Mining Association (IMA) welcomed the government’s plan to impo ...
Thursday, 03 May 12
HANDY EAST COAST INDIA - CHINA AROUND USD 7000 - FEARNLEYS AS
Handy - Stable demand in the Atlantic offered good rates for the tonnage.
USG/Cont was worth USD 17500 and more. Baltic and Black Sea appeared to ...
Wednesday, 02 May 12
CHINA BLACKOUTS HIGHLIGHT PRICING POLICY WEAKNESS - FITCH
Fitch reported that, the likelihood of further electricity blackouts in China this summer underlines Fitch's view of the basic problem f ...
Tuesday, 01 May 12
VIETNAM FEARS IT MAY NOT SEEK COAL SUPPLIES - TBKTSG / VIETNAMNET BRIDGE
TBKTSG / VietNamNet Bridge reported that, with five coal-run thermopower plants under construction, PetroVietnam alone would need 18 million tons of ...
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- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- The University of Queensland
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- White Energy Company Limited
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
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