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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Monday, 07 May 12
INDONESIAN HBA FALL AGAIN IN MAY 2012
COALspot.com - Indonesian HBA fall again to lowest level since January 2011 in May 2012. The monthly coal reference price for coal sales in Ma ...
Sunday, 06 May 12
INDONESIAN SUB-BITUMINOUS COAL & CFR SOUTH CHINA SWAPS SLIGHTLY DROP THIS WEEK
COALspot.com - Indonesian sub-bituminous coal swaps and CFR South China coal contracts for June deliveries slightly dropped this week.
According ...
Sunday, 06 May 12
S7 & S8 ROUTES LIKELY TO BE FIRM NEXT WEEK VISTAAR SINGAPORE
COALspot.com - The BDI remained flat this week and was up just by 1 point closing at 1,157 points.
The cape size index was up by 5.14 pct closing ...
Sunday, 06 May 12
EXPORT DUTY ON MINERAL FINALLY TO BECOME EFFECTIVE NEXT WEEK
COALspot.com - Mineral ore exporters of Indonesia ( only IUP holders) are required to obtain recommendation letter from the energy and mineral ...
Friday, 04 May 12
DEMOLITION KEY FOR DRY BULK MARKET RECOVERY - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The overflow of newbuilding vessels which “spilled over” into 2012 from 2011 brought the dry bulk market to a near collapse level at the ...
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- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- White Energy Company Limited
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Australian Coal Association
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- The University of Queensland
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