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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Thursday, 26 April 12
TAIPOWER TO BUY 1.15 MILLION TONS OF 5000 GAR COAL
COALspot.com - Taiwan Power Company intends to procure 1.125million tons of sub-bituminous coal for Taipower thermal power plant through open tender ...
Thursday, 26 April 12
TAIPOWER TO BUY 375,000 MT OF 4800 GAR COAL
COALspot.com - Taiwan Power Company intends to procure 375,000 metric tons of low sulfur sub-bituminous coal for Taipower thermal power plant ...
Thursday, 26 April 12
ADK SHIPPED 28,000 TONNES OF COAL THIS MONTH
COALspot.com - Orpheus Energy (ASX:OEG) has announced that four coal barges carrying a total of approximately 28,000 tonnes of ADK (Alam Duta K ...
Thursday, 26 April 12
DRY BULK CARRIERS RENTER FLEET AFTER IDLING, ON MARKETS RECOVERY - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The dry bulk market seems to be back on track, not only solidifying the gains of the past couple of weeks, but also racing to new heights, recuperra ...
Thursday, 26 April 12
PANAMAXES AGAIN EARN MORE THAN CAPESIZES - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The latest surge of demand for Panamaxes has led the dry bulk market to new higher ground on Monday, with the Baltic Dry Index (BDI) reaching 1,090 ...
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- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- PTC India Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- White Energy Company Limited
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- The University of Queensland
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
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