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Monday, 17 July 23
APPROVED AMMONIA-FUELED CONTAINERSHIP - BENEFITS AND RISKS: REED SMITH
Following the news in Offshore Energy that Korea Maritime Consultants has secured approval in principle from the American Bureau of Shipping for its design of an ammonia-fueled containership, Voirrey Blount, admiralty manager at law firm Reed Smith, has commented on the benefits and risks of using ammonia as a fuel.
Voirrey Blount, admiralty manager at law firm Reed Smith, said: “As the shipping industry seeks to hit the IMO 2050 targets, an ever-increasing amount of fuels are being touted as the game-changer that will help the industry reach those aims.
ABS, a major classification society, has recently approved a small ammonia fuelled vessel to go into production. Ammonia is one of many fuels that has thrown its hat in the ring and this latest ABS approval is an important step forward given the array of difficulties users will face by using ammonia as a fuel.
When ammonia is burnt it produces nitrogen and water, it does not contain any carbon and therefore no CO2 is emitted during combustion. However, whilst being better on the CO2 emissions, ammonia combustion may produce both nitrogen oxide and nitrous oxide as a by-product. Nitrous oxide is substantially more potent (around 270 times more) in terms of greenhouse effects than CO2. This risk needs to be mitigated and there are various options being explored by the industry such as the use of a catalyst or by tuning the actual combustion process to keep it within a certain temperature and pressure which can stop or severely limit the chance of nitrous oxide being produced.
When green ammonia (i.e. ammonia produced from air and water using renewable energy) is used, ammonia can be a zero-carbon fuel from a well-to-wake perspective and pending potential future changes to the CII regulations this may be a significant draw when compared to other fuels.
Many smaller vessels operate closer inshore and often find themselves navigating in emissions restricted areas, for example feeder container ships operating in the North Sea and Baltic Sea special sulphur emission control area (SECA). The focus on developing adaptable new-fuel technology for this size of vessel provides an ability for owners to comply with the stringent emission rules and achieve decarbonisation targets faster.
Ammonia is highly toxic to both people and the marine environment, so any on board leak would be a major emergency. Ammonia is often stored under pressure, increasing potential risks when bunkering, and a high level of alignment is needed between international regulators to ensure safety for the shore-side, the vessel and the environment.
It will be interesting to see which industry players start to place orders for ammonia-fueled vessels given the recent surge in orders for dual-fuel methanol vessels.”
Source: Reed Smith
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Friday, 05 January 24
BANGLADESH’S 2023 COAL-FIRED POWER OUTPUT TRIPLED, EASING SHORTAGES - REUTERS
Bangladesh nearly tripled its coal-fired power output in 2023, a Reuters analysis of government data showed, helping it tide over the worst power s ...
Tuesday, 02 January 24
COAL TRADE CONTINUES TO HEAD EAST - BALTIC EXCHANGE
The global coal trade, once concentrated in the Pacific and Atlantic basins, is undergoing a significant transformation, as highlighted in the Inte ...
Tuesday, 02 January 24
COAL CARGOES: AVOIDING EXPLOSION AND SELF-HEATING - GARD
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
Despite its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, global coal consumption climbed to an all-time high in 2022 and is ...
Tuesday, 02 January 24
SINOPEC FORECASTS CHINA’S COAL CONSUMPTION TO PEAK AROUND 2025 - REUTERS
China Petrochemical Corp, or Sinopec, expects coal consumption to peak around 2025 at 4.37 billion metric tons, the state energy group said in an o ...
Thursday, 07 December 23
CHINA TO SET UP COAL PRODUCTION RESERVE TO STABILISE PRICES - REUTERS
China will establish a back-up coal production system by 2027 to stabilise prices and secure coal supply, the state planner said on Wednesday, even ...
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- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- The University of Queensland
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
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