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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Thursday, 11 November 21
ASIA COAL POWER PIPELINE TO SHRINK BY TWO THIRDS AFTER CHINA FINANCE CUT - REUTERS
Asia’s pipeline of proposed coal-fired power plants is expected to shrink from 65 gigawatts to 22 gigawatts following China’s pledge to ...
Tuesday, 09 November 21
ASIA-PACIFIC IS HOME TO SOME OF THE WORLD'S LARGEST CARBON-EMITTERS - 2 CHARTS SHOW ITS RELIANCE ON COAL - CNBC
Asia-Pacific is home to some of the world’s largest carbon emitters — and experts say much of global efforts to fight climate change de ...
Tuesday, 09 November 21
CHINA DAILY COAL OUTPUT HITS MULTI-YEAR PEAK, PRICES EXPECTED TO FALL - REUTERS
China’s daily coal output hit 11.93 million tonnes last week, a multi-year high as more capacity returned to operation, the state planner sai ...
Thursday, 04 November 21
CHINA'S COAL MARKET SEES SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENTS: NDRC - GLOBAL TIMES
China’s top economic planner has declared initial success in its efforts to ensure coal supply and stabilize prices, saying that daily coal o ...
Thursday, 04 November 21
CHINA THERMAL COAL PRICES RISE AFTER FALLING FOR 10 DAYS - REUTERS
China thermal coal futures rebounded on Wednesday after falling for 10 days on an expected jump in fuel demand to meet heating needs amid forecasts ...
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- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- The University of Queensland
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- PTC India Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
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