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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Thursday, 11 November 21
ASIA COAL POWER PIPELINE TO SHRINK BY TWO THIRDS AFTER CHINA FINANCE CUT - REUTERS
Asia’s pipeline of proposed coal-fired power plants is expected to shrink from 65 gigawatts to 22 gigawatts following China’s pledge to ...
Tuesday, 09 November 21
ASIA-PACIFIC IS HOME TO SOME OF THE WORLD'S LARGEST CARBON-EMITTERS - 2 CHARTS SHOW ITS RELIANCE ON COAL - CNBC
Asia-Pacific is home to some of the world’s largest carbon emitters — and experts say much of global efforts to fight climate change de ...
Tuesday, 09 November 21
CHINA DAILY COAL OUTPUT HITS MULTI-YEAR PEAK, PRICES EXPECTED TO FALL - REUTERS
China’s daily coal output hit 11.93 million tonnes last week, a multi-year high as more capacity returned to operation, the state planner sai ...
Thursday, 04 November 21
CHINA'S COAL MARKET SEES SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENTS: NDRC - GLOBAL TIMES
China’s top economic planner has declared initial success in its efforts to ensure coal supply and stabilize prices, saying that daily coal o ...
Thursday, 04 November 21
CHINA THERMAL COAL PRICES RISE AFTER FALLING FOR 10 DAYS - REUTERS
China thermal coal futures rebounded on Wednesday after falling for 10 days on an expected jump in fuel demand to meet heating needs amid forecasts ...
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- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- The University of Queensland
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Australian Coal Association
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Deloitte Consulting - India
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