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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Thursday, 11 November 21
ASIA COAL POWER PIPELINE TO SHRINK BY TWO THIRDS AFTER CHINA FINANCE CUT - REUTERS
Asia’s pipeline of proposed coal-fired power plants is expected to shrink from 65 gigawatts to 22 gigawatts following China’s pledge to ...
Tuesday, 09 November 21
ASIA-PACIFIC IS HOME TO SOME OF THE WORLD'S LARGEST CARBON-EMITTERS - 2 CHARTS SHOW ITS RELIANCE ON COAL - CNBC
Asia-Pacific is home to some of the world’s largest carbon emitters — and experts say much of global efforts to fight climate change de ...
Tuesday, 09 November 21
CHINA DAILY COAL OUTPUT HITS MULTI-YEAR PEAK, PRICES EXPECTED TO FALL - REUTERS
China’s daily coal output hit 11.93 million tonnes last week, a multi-year high as more capacity returned to operation, the state planner sai ...
Thursday, 04 November 21
CHINA'S COAL MARKET SEES SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENTS: NDRC - GLOBAL TIMES
China’s top economic planner has declared initial success in its efforts to ensure coal supply and stabilize prices, saying that daily coal o ...
Thursday, 04 November 21
CHINA THERMAL COAL PRICES RISE AFTER FALLING FOR 10 DAYS - REUTERS
China thermal coal futures rebounded on Wednesday after falling for 10 days on an expected jump in fuel demand to meet heating needs amid forecasts ...
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- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Australian Coal Association
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Planning Commission, India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- The University of Queensland
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- PTC India Limited - India
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