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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Tuesday, 16 November 21
INDONESIA’S 2022 COAL USE FOR POWER GENERATION SET TO RISE 3% - REUTERS
Indonesia’s coal consumption for power generation is likely to rise by 3.1% next year compared to 2021, the head of the country’s state ...
Tuesday, 16 November 21
CHINA'S MONTHLY COAL OUTPUT RISES TO HIGHEST SINCE MARCH 2015 - REUTERS
China’s October coal output rose to the highest since at least March 2015, after Beijing approved a raft of coal mine expansions to tame reco ...
Friday, 12 November 21
RUSSIA-INDIA COKING COAL DEAL UNLIKELY TO IMPACT PANAMAX SHIPPING - DREWRY
Russia and India have recently entered into an agreement whereby Russia will supply up to 40 million tonnes of coking coal to India every year. Dre ...
Friday, 12 November 21
ASIA COAL POWER PIPELINE TO SHRINK BY TWO THIRDS AFTER CHINA FINANCE CUT - REUTERS
Asia’s pipeline of proposed coal-fired power plants is expected to shrink from 65 gigawatts to 22 gigawatts following China’s pledge to ...
Friday, 12 November 21
INDONESIAN COAL PRICE REFERENCE TOPS $215 A TON; THE HIGHEST COAL PRICE IN HISTORY
COALspot.com: Indonesian Coal Price Reference in a steep climb for most of second half of 2021 as it reached a pinnacle of $215.01 in November 2021 ...
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- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Planning Commission, India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- The University of Queensland
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
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