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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Tuesday, 16 November 21
INDONESIA’S 2022 COAL USE FOR POWER GENERATION SET TO RISE 3% - REUTERS
Indonesia’s coal consumption for power generation is likely to rise by 3.1% next year compared to 2021, the head of the country’s state ...
Tuesday, 16 November 21
CHINA'S MONTHLY COAL OUTPUT RISES TO HIGHEST SINCE MARCH 2015 - REUTERS
China’s October coal output rose to the highest since at least March 2015, after Beijing approved a raft of coal mine expansions to tame reco ...
Friday, 12 November 21
RUSSIA-INDIA COKING COAL DEAL UNLIKELY TO IMPACT PANAMAX SHIPPING - DREWRY
Russia and India have recently entered into an agreement whereby Russia will supply up to 40 million tonnes of coking coal to India every year. Dre ...
Friday, 12 November 21
ASIA COAL POWER PIPELINE TO SHRINK BY TWO THIRDS AFTER CHINA FINANCE CUT - REUTERS
Asia’s pipeline of proposed coal-fired power plants is expected to shrink from 65 gigawatts to 22 gigawatts following China’s pledge to ...
Friday, 12 November 21
INDONESIAN COAL PRICE REFERENCE TOPS $215 A TON; THE HIGHEST COAL PRICE IN HISTORY
COALspot.com: Indonesian Coal Price Reference in a steep climb for most of second half of 2021 as it reached a pinnacle of $215.01 in November 2021 ...
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- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
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- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
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- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
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- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
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- Petron Corporation, Philippines
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- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
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- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- PTC India Limited - India
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- Minerals Council of Australia
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- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
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- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
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- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
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- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Australian Coal Association
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
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- CNBM International Corporation - China
- MS Steel International - UAE
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- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
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- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- The University of Queensland
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
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- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
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- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
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- Economic Council, Georgia
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