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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Tuesday, 14 December 21
COAL LOCK-IN IN SOUTHEAST ASIA PRESENTS A CHALLENGE FOR THE ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK'S COAL RETIREMENT PLAN - IEEFA
In August, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) announced an ambitious plan to buy high emissions coal-fired power plants in Southeast Asia and retire ...
Saturday, 11 December 21
BUNKER BUYERS LOSE UP TO $5/MT FOR NOT COVERING ENOUGH SUPPLIERS - INTEGR8 FUELS
With the Brent price recently touching the $80 mark and before the Omicron variant concerns pushed it lower, bunker prices reached levels not seen ...
Tuesday, 07 December 21
SUPERCYCLE DEMAND: ARE WE THERE YET? - WOOD MACKENZIE
Taking young children on a long journey is fraught with challenges, not least the inevitable question a few minutes after leaving: are we there yet ...
Tuesday, 07 December 21
COAL WOULD REMAIN ENERGY LEADER FOR AT LEAST 15 YEARS - LIVEMINT
Coal India Ltd (CIL) has been in the eye of the storm after fuel stocks at coal-fuelled power plants depleted in October. Fuel stocks since are bei ...
Tuesday, 07 December 21
GLOBAL SHIPPING OUTLOOK TURNS STABLE FROM POSITIVE ON THE BACK OF PEAKING EARNINGS DURING 2021 - MOODY'S
The outlook for the global shipping industry is changed to stable from positive for the next 12 to 18 months due to demand slightly outstripping su ...
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- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- PTC India Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- White Energy Company Limited
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Australian Coal Association
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Planning Commission, India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- The University of Queensland
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
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