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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Thursday, 23 December 21
COAL DEMAND TO PEAK IN INDIA BY 2030, WILL BACK UP RENEWABLES: NITI REPORT - BUSINESS STANDARD
Coal will remain India’s mainstay energy source and the country will shape global demand this decade, two reports have said a month after the ...
Thursday, 23 December 21
INDONESIA’S 2022 COAL OUTPUT SEEN BETWEEN 637 MLN-664 MLN T- OFFICIAL - REUTERS
Indonesia’s 2022 coal output is estimated at between 637 million to 664 million tonnes based on production plans currently being finalised, s ...
Thursday, 23 December 21
VALE ANNOUNCES THE SALE OF ITS COAL ASSETS
Vale informs that, on this date, it has entered into a binding agreement with Vulcan to sell the Moatize coal mine and the Nacala Logistics Corrido ...
Thursday, 23 December 21
INDIA: CAPTIVE POWER PRODUCERS URGE GOVT TO ENSURE NORMAL COAL SUPPLIES - PTI
A captive power producers’ association has urged the government for 100 per cent normalisation of coal supply to captive power producers whil ...
Thursday, 23 December 21
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
As an outstanding year for the dry bulk freight market comes to a close, so does a thriving year for the SnP market which can only be compared to 2 ...
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- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- PTC India Limited - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- The University of Queensland
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Planning Commission, India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Australian Coal Association
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
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