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Saturday, 29 May 21
SKULD’S IMO 2020 SULPHUR CAP EXPERIENCE
 More than a year has passed since the International Maritime Organization (IMO) mandate for the 0.50% sulphur cap for marine fuel (MARPOL Annex VI) came into force. The regulation orders ships to only use marine fuels with a sulphur content of no more than 0.50% sulphur. Ships fitted with an approved type of exhaust gas cleaning system (EGCS) or scrubbers may continue to use high sulphur fuel oils. This mandate is part of the IMO efforts to reduce air pollution and improve health and environmental conditions especially for communities close to coastal areas or ports.
Prior to 1 January 2020, there were extensive discussions in the industry on what to expect regarding the challenges VLSFO would pose in terms of operational issues and engine damage as well as challenges regarding supply of VLSFO. The most frequent parameter limits deviating from the ISO 8217 standard, reported by our members and clients, are TSP (Total Sediments Potential), Aluminium and Silicon, Sulphur, Pour Point, Flash Point and Viscosity. We see several cases regarding increased sludge deposits in the fuel system, increased sludge accumulation in the purifiers, as well as clogged fuel oil filters. Others have experienced increased wear and tear of cylinder liners, broken piston rings, fuel pumps or other components, due to increased amounts of catalytic fines in the fuel oil. Some members have de-bunkered fuel which cannot be handled and treated onboard.
Interestingly, the number of claims reported to Skuld are not significantly higher for VLSFO compared to other fuel. If we look at the bad bunker cases in 2019 (FDD and CLH) the number of claims are higher than before the introduction of the IMO 2020 fuel. In 2019 Skuld saw 435 bunker related claims on FDD and CLH combined, compared to 369 in 2020. Skuld also experiences a decrease in bunker related issues and claims in Q1 of 2021 compared to Q1 in 2020. In total, Skuld can report 30 cases so far in 2021.
Skuld always advises its members and clients to perform a proper due diligence when ordering or procuring bunker. It is very important to always conduct a vetting procedure when selecting good bunker suppliers. Always check the sales terms like time bars, sampling clause as well as the warranty as to the fitness of the fuel. Always ask for documentation of fuel batches from the fuel supplier. Ask, and always check the Certificate of Quality prior to bunkering. We also recommend the ISO 8217:2017 standard rather than the more commonly used ISO 8217:2010. Also, avoid mixing of different types of fuels, as VLSFO is very sensitive and even small amounts of co-mingling will make the fuel unstable.
When using VLSFO blends the operators should be aware of the potential operational challenges they may be facing. ISO 8217 does not include testing for WAT (Wax Appearance Temperature) and WDT (Wax Disappearance Temperature), thus measuring only the Pour Point is insufficient to determine the cold flow properties of the fuel. When the WAT and WDT results are high the operator needs to consider increasing the temperature setting of the purifiers, as well as the storage, settling and service tanks.
VLSFO blends which tend to become unstable contain high sediments that tend to fall out of suspension when the fuel is heated above the required temperature. The fuel temperature must then be reduced and maintained as per separator manufacturer’s recommendations. VLSFO with low viscosity, but with a high WDT / WAT, needs to be heated to ensure correct viscosity or stable flow and to prevent wax formation. There is also a risk of operational issues such as wax formation when the fuel temperature drops below the WAT. Fuel with low viscosity, high WDT/WAT and high level of Aluminium + Silicon (cat fines) might be difficult to treat onboard.
Skuld’s members and clients have experienced that the IMO 2020 0.50% Sulphur Cap presents some additional challenges. As a new type of marine fuel being introduced in the industry, crew onboard did not have enough experience on how to handle and treat this type of fuel at the start of 2020. Operational issues, not linked to the fuel quality but more on the understanding of the characteristics or nature of VLSFO, have included issues related to the paraffinic nature of the fuel, cold flow properties, lower viscosity, as well as other parameters. Today, Skuld sees a greater understanding by the industry and operators and less of those ‘mysterious’ problems involving filter clogging and purification problems experienced in the first and second quarter of 2020. The onboard operators are increasingly more familiar with the actual characteristics or nature of VLSFO.
In Skuld’s opinion so far, the IMO 2020 Sulphur Cap represents a successful transition.
Source: Skuld
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Wednesday, 31 January 24
CHINA'S INNER MONGOLIA COAL OUTPUT HIT 1.21B TONS IN 2023 - XINHUA
North China’s Inner Mongolia autonomous region churned out 1.21 billion tons of coal in 2023 as it strives to guarantee the country’s e ...
Wednesday, 31 January 24
GAS EXPORTS COST U.S. CONSUMERS MORE THAN $100 BILLION OVER 16-MONTH PERIOD - IEEFA
Limited Demand Growth Could Dampen the Dry Bulk Market in the Coming Months BIMCOStarting in late 2021—before its invasion of Ukraine—R ...
Tuesday, 30 January 24
LIMITED DEMAND GROWTH COULD DAMPEN THE DRY BULK MARKET IN THE COMING MONTHS - BIMCO
Demand
In our base scenario, we expect cargo demand to grow by 0-1% in 2024 and 0.5-1.5% in 2025. This is a 0.5 percentage point reduction for ...
Friday, 26 January 24
RED SEA DIVERSIONS ADD NEARLY A MILLION DOLLARS PER VOYAGE TO SHIPPING COSTS WHILE DOUBLING TRANSIT TIME - LSEG
The incremental costs of diverting a tanker from Asia to NW Europe via the Cape of Good Hope is accounting for an extra $932,905 USD per voyage whi ...
Friday, 26 January 24
HARD COAL GUARDIAN ANGEL OF THE ENERGY SUPPLY - GERMANY COAL IMPORTERS ASSOCIATION
- No security of supply without hard coal
- The Substitute Power Plant Provision Act (EKBG) must be extended
- Higher grid fees due to the ...
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- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- The University of Queensland
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Planning Commission, India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- White Energy Company Limited
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- PTC India Limited - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
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