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Monday, 24 February 20
COULD SOME VLSFO FUELS BE BANNED? - GIBSON
 The run up to the implementation of the new IMO rules on marine fuels from1st January 2020 had owners and charterers analysing the various fuelling options said Gibson Ship Brokers in its latest weekly report.
The report further noted that, from late-November there were some delays in receiving the correct bunkers, but overall, considering the scale of what was to be done within the shipping world, the switch seems to have gone smoothly. As with all things that are new, there needs to be some time to bed in and to acclimatize to new rules and regulations. But overall, bunker suppliers have been able to supply on-spec fuels. However, the switch over seems to have brought with it a new and somewhat ominous complication, that of the potential for some blended low sulphur fuels to produce more black carbon than the fuels they replaced. Black carbon emissions are a short-lived pollutant that absorbs sunlight and traps heat in the atmosphere. While it stays in the atmosphere for only a few days or weeks, its impact is that it traps 3200-times more heat in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide, measured over a 20-year period. When black carbon settles in the Arctic, it reduces the reflectiveness of the snow and ice and generates heat, which accelerates melting. This makes the Arctic – which according to reports is already warming twice as fast as the rest of the world-particularly sensitive to these emissions.
Gibson Ship Broker’s research team further said, black carbon is material produced and emitted as a solid particulate matter from the incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels. HFO typically contains approximately 60% aromatics, which contain a higher proportion of carbon than other hydrocarbon types and they have a tendency to smoke when burnt. The recent media interest in the performance of the new VLSFO fuels has pointed out that these fuels are responsible for increased levels of black carbon pollution due to their higher aromatic content. However, whilst it is possible that certain VLSFOs may have elevated aromatic content, it is expected that for VLSFO fuels produced by blending, these will have lower aromatic content than a typical HFO due to the major blended component (distillate) having typically half the aromatic content. Therefore, it is difficult to reason that all VLSFOs, especially those produced from various blends, produce more black carbon due to their aromatic content. However, there is also the added complication that emissions of black carbon are also related to the engine type and its operating load. Slow speed two-stroke engines, used in larger ocean going vessels are considered to have lower black carbon emission factors than higher speed four stroke engines. For larger engines, increasing engine load reduces black carbon emissions, whereas for smaller engines the reverse is true. Vessels that have scrubbers installed provide an approximate 30% reduction in black carbon emissions.
According to Gibson, a study conducted by Finland and Germany and submitted to the IMO found the new VLSFO used by ships contained high levels of aromatic compounds, causing a surge in black carbon emissions. The group have submitted a new proposal to the sub-committee on pollution and prevention response that will meet in late-February in London. They are demanding a prohibition of VLSFO blends that lead to increases in black carbon emissions. They want the IMO to encourage relevant stakeholders to observe a voluntary prohibition on the use of any marine fuel whose aromatic content is likely to lead to black carbon emissions greater than those commonly associated with distillate fuels until a ban comes into effect. The move to lower emission fuels is considered a positive direction within the shipping sector. However, there still seems to be much to be learned with how these fuels are produced and their potential impact on the environment.
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Wednesday, 19 February 20
AS OCEAN TEMPERATURES RISE, SHIPOWNERS LOOK FOR WAYS TO COPE - WARTSILA
The world is heating up, and its oceans are no exception. According to the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the oceans absorb the majo ...
Wednesday, 19 February 20
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
The coronavirus outbreak is estimated to negatively affect global economy by at least EUR400bn this year, representing around the 0.4% of global GD ...
Tuesday, 18 February 20
WEEKLY MARKET ANALYSIS - ALLIED
Under such poorly performing market circumstances, many usually take the historical approach, in order to better understand and further analyze the ...
Tuesday, 18 February 20
ADARO SHIPPED 27 PERCENT OF ITS TOTAL COAL PRODUCTION IN 2019 TO INDIA AND CHINA
PT Adaro Energy Tbk (AE) produced 58.03 Mt of coal from PT Adaro Indonesia (AI), Balangan Coal Companies and Adaro Me ...
Tuesday, 18 February 20
ADARO REMAINS POSITIVE ON THE LONG-TERM FUNDAMENTALS OF COAL MARKET SUPPORTED BY THE SOUTHEAST ASIA AND SOUTH ASIA REGION
The global seaborne thermal coal market in 2019 was faced with macro and industry challenges which pushed international coa ...
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- The University of Queensland
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- White Energy Company Limited
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- PTC India Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Planning Commission, India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
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