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Saturday, 14 February 15
SHALE GAS AND TIGHT OIL ARE COMMERCIALLY PRODUCED IN JUST FOUR COUNTRIES - EIA
 KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
The United States, Canada, China, and Argentina are currently the only four countries in the world that are producing commercial volumes of either natural gas from shale formations (shale gas) or crude oil from tight formations (tight oil). The United States is by far the dominant producer of both shale gas and tight oil.
Canada is the only other country to produce both shale gas and tight oil. China produces some small volumes of shale gas, while Argentina produces some small volumes of tight oil. While hydraulic fracturing techniques have been used to produce natural gas and tight oil in Australia and Russia, the volumes produced did not come from low-permeability shale formations.
The four countries producing commercial volumes of shale gas and tight oil all increased output in 2014, and in all four countries, natural gas and crude oil production from shale and tight formations grew at a faster rate last year than production from non-shale and non-tight formations.
- In the United States, a large portion of shale gas production growth has occurred in the Appalachian Basin's Marcellus Shale. In the Marcellus region, dry natural gas production has more than tripled in the past three years, from an average of 4.8 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) in 2011 to an average of 14.6 Bcf/d in 2014. A large portion of tight oil production has come from Western Gulf Basin's Eagle Ford and from the Williston Basin's Bakken Shale. In the Bakken region, oil production in 2014 averaged 1.1 million barrels per day (bbl/d), more than 2.5 times greater than the 2011 average of 0.4 million bbl/d.
- In Canada, tight oil production doubled between 2011 and 2014, from 0.2 million bbl/d to 0.4 million bbl/d. Most Canadian tight oil production comes from Alberta and Saskatchewan. The same is true of Canadian shale gas production, which increased from 1.9 Bcf/d in 2011 to 3.9 Bcf/d as of May 2014, when including production from the Montney formation (natural gas produced in the Montney formation is considered non-shale gas production by the Canadian National Energy Board, but is included in the Canadian shale gas production total).
- In China, Sinopec and PetroChina have reported commercial production of shale gas from fields in the Sichuan Basin. Their combined shale gas output has reached 0.163 Bcf/d, or 1.5% of total natural gas production.
- In Argentina, tight oil production comes mainly from Vaca Muerta’s Neuquen Basin. National oil company YPF, partnering with Chevron, is producing about 20,000 barrels of tight oil per day from the Loma Campana area.
Notable shale resource exploration efforts are underway in several countries, including Algeria, Australia, Colombia, Mexico, and Russia. However, commercial shale development of the type demonstrated in the United States requires the ability to rapidly drill and complete a large number of wells in a single productive geologic formation. The logistics and infrastructure necessary to support this level of activity, including the drilling and completion processes, the manufacturing of drilling equipment, and the distribution of the final product to market are not yet evident in countries other than the United States, Canada, China, and to some extent, Argentina. Other above the ground factors such as ownership of mineral rights, taxation regimes, and social acceptance also play a role in decisions regarding the development of shales and other tight resources.
Principal contributor: Faouzi Aloulou | EIA
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Tuesday, 11 March 14
HOLD HARMLESS CLAUSES ARE NOT ALWAYS MUTUAL! - ITIC
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
ITIC provides an insurance related contract review service to all of its members. As the leading professional indemnity i ...
Tuesday, 11 March 14
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Tuesday, 11 March 14
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- MS Steel International - UAE
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
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- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
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- Anglo American - United Kingdom
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- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
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- Petron Corporation, Philippines
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- Planning Commission, India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
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- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
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- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
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- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- White Energy Company Limited
- The University of Queensland
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
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- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
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- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
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- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
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- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
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- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
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- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
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- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Australian Coal Association
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
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- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
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- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
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- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
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