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Sunday, 26 August 12
SOUTH AFRICAN COAL OVERVIEW
South Africa's indigenous energy resource base is dominated by coal.
Internationally, coal is the most widely used primary fuel, accounting for about 36 percent of the total fuel consumption of the world's electricity production. About 77 percent of South Africa's primary energy needs are provided by coal. This is unlikely to change significantly in the next two decades owing to the relative lack of suitable alternatives to coal as an energy source. Many of the deposits can be exploited at extremely favourable costs and, as a result, a large coal-mining industry has developed.
In addition to the extensive use of coal in the domestic economy, about 28 percent of South Africa's production is exported, mainly through the Richards Bay Coal Terminal, making South Africa the fourth-largest coal exporting country in the world.
South Africa's coal is obtained from collieries that range from among the largest in the world to small-scale producers. As a result of new entrants, operating collieries increased to 64 during 2004. Of these, a relatively small number of large-scale producers supply coal primarily to electricity and synthetic fuel producers.
About 51 percent of South African coal mining is done underground and about 49 percent is produced by open-cast methods. The coal-mining industry is highly concentrated with five companies accounting for 85 percent of saleable coal production.
These companies are:
. Ingwe Collieries Limited, a BHP Billiton subsidiary;
. Anglo Coal;
. Sasol;
. Eyesizwe; and
. Kumba Resources Limited, accounting for 85 percent of the saleable coal production.
Production is concentrated in large mines, with 11 mines accounting for 70 percent of the output. South African coal for local electricity production is among the cheapest in the world. The beneficiation of coal, particularly for export, results in more than 65Mt of coal discards being produced every year.
About 21 percent of the run-of-mine coal produced is exported, and 21 percent is used locally (excluding power-station coal). The rest is not saleable and is discarded.
The remainder of South Africa's coal production feeds the various local industries:
. 62 percent is used for electricity generation;
. 23 percent for petrochemical industries (Sasol);
. 8 percent for general industry;
. 4 percent for the metallurgical industry (Mittal); and
. 4 percent is purchased by merchants and sold locally or exported.
The key role played by South Africa's coal reserves in the economy is illustrated by the fact that Eskom ranks first in the world as a steam coal user and seventh as an electricity generator. Sasol is the largest coal-to-chemicals producer.
By international standards, South Africa's coal deposits are relatively shallow with thick seams, which make them easier and, usually, cheaper to mine. At the present production rate, there should be more than 50 years of coal supply left.
Source: Department of Energy, Republic of South Africa
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Saturday, 01 September 12
PANAMAX FREIGHT RATES UNDER PRESSURE FROM LOW DEMAND - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - This week the freight market was weak with mixed results.
The BDI was down by 1.95 pct closing at 703 points, however there was so ...
Friday, 31 August 12
ADVERSE SHIPPING MARKET CONDITIONS SHORTENS LIFE SPAN OF VESSELS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The adverse conditions which have been put in place in the world's freight markets, means that ship owners are forced to scrap vessels of a much yo ...
Thursday, 30 August 12
INDO-INDIA, LARGE ECO SUPRA NOW FIXED AT USD 7K FOR DELIVERY SINGAPORE - FEARNLEYS AS
Handy
The Supra market continued its negative trend with little fresh business entering the market. Continent positions fixed around USD 4k for tri ...
Thursday, 30 August 12
DRY BULK MARKET STILL LOOKING OUT FOR BETTER DAYS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
With things in China moving slowly this week, as a result of holidays, it’s no surprise that the latest positive trend in the dry bulk market ...
Wednesday, 29 August 12
COLOMBIA'S MINING BOOM: PART TWO - JOSEPH KIRSCHKE
One of the most prominent casualties of Canada's entry into the Colombian mining sector has been a priest named Jose Reynal-Restrepo. Last Septembe ...
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- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- VISA Power Limited - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- The University of Queensland
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- White Energy Company Limited
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
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