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Sunday, 26 August 12
SOUTH AFRICAN COAL OVERVIEW
South Africa's indigenous energy resource base is dominated by coal.
Internationally, coal is the most widely used primary fuel, accounting for about 36 percent of the total fuel consumption of the world's electricity production. About 77 percent of South Africa's primary energy needs are provided by coal. This is unlikely to change significantly in the next two decades owing to the relative lack of suitable alternatives to coal as an energy source. Many of the deposits can be exploited at extremely favourable costs and, as a result, a large coal-mining industry has developed.
In addition to the extensive use of coal in the domestic economy, about 28 percent of South Africa's production is exported, mainly through the Richards Bay Coal Terminal, making South Africa the fourth-largest coal exporting country in the world.
South Africa's coal is obtained from collieries that range from among the largest in the world to small-scale producers. As a result of new entrants, operating collieries increased to 64 during 2004. Of these, a relatively small number of large-scale producers supply coal primarily to electricity and synthetic fuel producers.
About 51 percent of South African coal mining is done underground and about 49 percent is produced by open-cast methods. The coal-mining industry is highly concentrated with five companies accounting for 85 percent of saleable coal production.
These companies are:
. Ingwe Collieries Limited, a BHP Billiton subsidiary;
. Anglo Coal;
. Sasol;
. Eyesizwe; and
. Kumba Resources Limited, accounting for 85 percent of the saleable coal production.
Production is concentrated in large mines, with 11 mines accounting for 70 percent of the output. South African coal for local electricity production is among the cheapest in the world. The beneficiation of coal, particularly for export, results in more than 65Mt of coal discards being produced every year.
About 21 percent of the run-of-mine coal produced is exported, and 21 percent is used locally (excluding power-station coal). The rest is not saleable and is discarded.
The remainder of South Africa's coal production feeds the various local industries:
. 62 percent is used for electricity generation;
. 23 percent for petrochemical industries (Sasol);
. 8 percent for general industry;
. 4 percent for the metallurgical industry (Mittal); and
. 4 percent is purchased by merchants and sold locally or exported.
The key role played by South Africa's coal reserves in the economy is illustrated by the fact that Eskom ranks first in the world as a steam coal user and seventh as an electricity generator. Sasol is the largest coal-to-chemicals producer.
By international standards, South Africa's coal deposits are relatively shallow with thick seams, which make them easier and, usually, cheaper to mine. At the present production rate, there should be more than 50 years of coal supply left.
Source: Department of Energy, Republic of South Africa
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Tuesday, 04 September 12
SHIP OWNERS' COMPETITION LEADS TO TANKER FIXTURES BELOW OPERATING COSTS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
Ship owners operating in the VLCC tanker markets are increasingly finding it difficult to obtain even breakeven rates for their vessels, as competit ...
Tuesday, 04 September 12
ORPHEUS SECURES ADDITIONAL SIGNIFICANT KINTAP COAL PROJECT IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN
COALspot.com - Indonesian coal producer, Orpheus Energy (ASX:OEG) has announced that it has secured a 50% equity ownership in an additional tenement ...
Monday, 03 September 12
SHIPOWNERS TO WAIT FOR FURTHER PRICE REDUCTIONS IN THE SECOND HAND VESSEL MARKETS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
With September now upon us, shipbrokers are looking towards an interesting winter season, as ship owners are looking to capitalize on more second ha ...
Sunday, 02 September 12
ADAROS COAL ROYALTIES TO THE GOVERNMENT INCREASED BY 10.5 PERCENT Y-O-Y TO US$196.8 MILLION
COALspot.com - PT Adaro Energy Tbk (IDX: ADRO), the second largest power plant coal producer in Indonesia, announced its consolidated auditor-review ...
Saturday, 01 September 12
FALLING PRICES; BLEEDING MINERS
COALspot.com - Sub-Bit Indonesia coal swaps (FOB ) for October 2012 delivery lost 4.070 percent and 0.422 percent respectively on W-o-W and D- ...
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- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Planning Commission, India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- MS Steel International - UAE
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- White Energy Company Limited
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
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