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Sunday, 26 August 12
SOUTH AFRICAN COAL OVERVIEW
South Africa's indigenous energy resource base is dominated by coal.
Internationally, coal is the most widely used primary fuel, accounting for about 36 percent of the total fuel consumption of the world's electricity production. About 77 percent of South Africa's primary energy needs are provided by coal. This is unlikely to change significantly in the next two decades owing to the relative lack of suitable alternatives to coal as an energy source. Many of the deposits can be exploited at extremely favourable costs and, as a result, a large coal-mining industry has developed.
In addition to the extensive use of coal in the domestic economy, about 28 percent of South Africa's production is exported, mainly through the Richards Bay Coal Terminal, making South Africa the fourth-largest coal exporting country in the world.
South Africa's coal is obtained from collieries that range from among the largest in the world to small-scale producers. As a result of new entrants, operating collieries increased to 64 during 2004. Of these, a relatively small number of large-scale producers supply coal primarily to electricity and synthetic fuel producers.
About 51 percent of South African coal mining is done underground and about 49 percent is produced by open-cast methods. The coal-mining industry is highly concentrated with five companies accounting for 85 percent of saleable coal production.
These companies are:
. Ingwe Collieries Limited, a BHP Billiton subsidiary;
. Anglo Coal;
. Sasol;
. Eyesizwe; and
. Kumba Resources Limited, accounting for 85 percent of the saleable coal production.
Production is concentrated in large mines, with 11 mines accounting for 70 percent of the output. South African coal for local electricity production is among the cheapest in the world. The beneficiation of coal, particularly for export, results in more than 65Mt of coal discards being produced every year.
About 21 percent of the run-of-mine coal produced is exported, and 21 percent is used locally (excluding power-station coal). The rest is not saleable and is discarded.
The remainder of South Africa's coal production feeds the various local industries:
. 62 percent is used for electricity generation;
. 23 percent for petrochemical industries (Sasol);
. 8 percent for general industry;
. 4 percent for the metallurgical industry (Mittal); and
. 4 percent is purchased by merchants and sold locally or exported.
The key role played by South Africa's coal reserves in the economy is illustrated by the fact that Eskom ranks first in the world as a steam coal user and seventh as an electricity generator. Sasol is the largest coal-to-chemicals producer.
By international standards, South Africa's coal deposits are relatively shallow with thick seams, which make them easier and, usually, cheaper to mine. At the present production rate, there should be more than 50 years of coal supply left.
Source: Department of Energy, Republic of South Africa
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Tuesday, 04 September 12
SHIP OWNERS' COMPETITION LEADS TO TANKER FIXTURES BELOW OPERATING COSTS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
Ship owners operating in the VLCC tanker markets are increasingly finding it difficult to obtain even breakeven rates for their vessels, as competit ...
Tuesday, 04 September 12
ORPHEUS SECURES ADDITIONAL SIGNIFICANT KINTAP COAL PROJECT IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN
COALspot.com - Indonesian coal producer, Orpheus Energy (ASX:OEG) has announced that it has secured a 50% equity ownership in an additional tenement ...
Monday, 03 September 12
SHIPOWNERS TO WAIT FOR FURTHER PRICE REDUCTIONS IN THE SECOND HAND VESSEL MARKETS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
With September now upon us, shipbrokers are looking towards an interesting winter season, as ship owners are looking to capitalize on more second ha ...
Sunday, 02 September 12
ADAROS COAL ROYALTIES TO THE GOVERNMENT INCREASED BY 10.5 PERCENT Y-O-Y TO US$196.8 MILLION
COALspot.com - PT Adaro Energy Tbk (IDX: ADRO), the second largest power plant coal producer in Indonesia, announced its consolidated auditor-review ...
Saturday, 01 September 12
FALLING PRICES; BLEEDING MINERS
COALspot.com - Sub-Bit Indonesia coal swaps (FOB ) for October 2012 delivery lost 4.070 percent and 0.422 percent respectively on W-o-W and D- ...
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- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- The University of Queensland
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Australian Coal Association
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
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