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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Tuesday, 22 May 12
DRY BULK MARKET STEADY, AWAITING FURTHER RISE IN DEMAND WHICH IS DOUBTFUL - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
Traditionally, the second and third quarters of the year are the strongest for the dry bulk market, but this year, things seem to be quite subdued, ...
Sunday, 20 May 12
SPOT FREIGHT RATE DIPS FURTHER - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - The BDI was marginally up by 3 points (0.26 pct) closing at 1,141 points.
The cape index was up by 1.17 pct closing at 1,633 point ...
Saturday, 19 May 12
INDONESIAN SUB-BITUMINOUS COAL SWAPS DROP US$ 2.88 PMT W-O-W
COALspot.com - Indonesian sub-bituminous coal swaps and CFR South China coal contracts for June deliveries have drops this week by 3.86 percent and& ...
Saturday, 19 May 12
INDONESIAN EXPORT TAX GIVES COAL MINERS A CHEAP RIDE: ANALYSTS - THE JAKARTA GLOBE
The Jakarta Globe reported that, Indonesia’s policy to exclude coal from an export tax that has been applied to 14 other mineral commodities h ...
Friday, 18 May 12
EXPORT TAX WILL ERODE PROFITS, INDONESIAN COAL EXEC COMPLAINS - THE JAKARTA GLOBE
The Jakarta Globe reported that, A 20 percent export duty the government has imposed on 14 mineral ore products will not only take a toll on mining ...
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- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Planning Commission, India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- The University of Queensland
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- White Energy Company Limited
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Australian Coal Association
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Parliament of New Zealand
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
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