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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Sunday, 27 May 12
THE FREIGHT MARKET FROM INDONESIA TO INDIA WAS WEAK - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - The BDI continued to fall for the fourth straight week and the BDI fell by 9.38 pct this week closing at 1,034 points.
The Cape Si ...
Sunday, 27 May 12
INDONESIAN SUB-BITUMINOUS COAL SWAPS HEADING TO SOUTH DIRECTION
COALspot.com - Indonesian sub-bituminous coal swaps and CFR South China coal contracts for July deliveries have dropped this week by 5.43 percent an ...
Saturday, 26 May 12
DRY BULK SHIP OWNERS LOOKING TO CUT BACK ON TONNAGE SUPPLY - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The oversupply of dry bulk carriers has been the most prominent problem in the market today, pushing down rates and ‘strangling’ profita ...
Thursday, 24 May 12
DRY BULK MARKET RETREATS ON LACK OF CHINA DEMAND - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The dry bulk market retreated yesterday on the back of lower Chinese demand for commodities such as coal and iron ore, typically hauled by dry bulk ...
Tuesday, 22 May 12
NEW ONE-YEAR TIME CHARTERS FOR TWO VESSELS OF EXCEL MARITIME CARRIERS LTD.
Excel Maritime Carriers Ltd. (NYSE: EXM), an owner and operator of dry bulk carriers and an international provider of worldwide seaborne transportat ...
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- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Planning Commission, India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- The University of Queensland
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
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