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Tuesday, 06 September 11
INDONESIAS PROPOSED COAL EXPORT BAN MAY HAVE IMPACT ON THE INDIAN POWER SECTOR - DIPESH DIPU
.jpg) COALspot.com - This is a special interview about Indonesian proposed coal export ban by 2014, with Mr. Dipesh Dipu, Director of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, India.
The Indonesian government is currently in the process of drafting a new regulation that could ban the export of low-grade coal by January 12, 2014. This is likely to apply to coal below 5700 kcal/kg on air dried basis in value.
As of now Indonesia is producing around 150 million tons of coal with calorific value below 5700 GAD (according to chairman of Indonesian coal mining association). However by 2014, there are possibilities the total production of below 5700 GAD coal may reach more than 200 million per annum.
Will Indonesian coal export ban impact on the Indian fuel requirements?
The earlier grade of coal that was being considered for proposed ban has GCV of 5100 kcal/kg of less (adb), which can be comparable to 3800-4200 kcal/kg (arb) domestic coal available in India. This grade of coal has found favor in India primarily due to likely price advantage but economics of power generation based on such grade of imported coal may be a suspect. This considering that such grades of coal from Indonesia typically have high moisture content, which makes transportation cost per unit of energy generated higher. The quantum of the low grade of coal (<5100 kcal/kg adb) procured from Indonesia is likely to remain relatively low.
However, if the new definition of low grade coal is applied (<5700 kcal/kg adb), it may be reasonable to believe that such a ban may have impact on the Indian power sector as volumes in this grade of coal are expected to rise in the proportion of coal exports to India. Several of the acquisitions made by Indian power generation companies in Indonesia have been in coal blocks that will produce coal of this grade, and a blanket ban on the exports can jeopardize power plant development in India.
On the other hand, the domestic Indonesian market may not be prepared to consume all the coal mined of this grade in view of the power generation capacity addition plans in Indonesia. In such a case, the coal mine development is likely to be deferred. The Indonesian law makers may need to reconsider domestic market demand, investment climate in coal sector and impact of the legislation on the export revenues.
What is the alternative source for Indian power industry if the proposed coal export ban come into effect by 2014?
Indian power generation companies have been forced to look out for coal assets abroad due to the investment and regulatory environment within the country. India boasts of more than 110 billion tonnes of coal reserves, which largely fall within a 300 meters of depth. If the regulatory and investment environment is amended to allow greater participation of private sector Indian dependence on imports will be reduced.
However, for imports, India will continue to look at Indonesia, South Africa, Australia and newer destinations like Mozambique and Columbia. But these sources also have constraints, domestic demands in South Africa is likely to restrict quantum jump in exports out of South Africa. Indonesia has also proposed domestic market obligations. Mozambique may have infrastructure constraints for large volumes of coal being transported from Tete province to ports of Maputo, Ncala or Beira. Australian coal is of high quality but may have higher costs of mining and transport.
What would be the additional cost if Indian consumers switch their sourcing origin from Indonesia?
Indonesia has competitive advantage due to its geographical closeness. However, on a per tonne basis, assuming comparable quality, costs of transport may make marginal difference when compared with South Africa and Mozambique.
When compared to Australian coal, due to the high quality, cost of energy may well be comparable even though shipping costs are higher. Between Indonesian coal (5500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 90 per tonne) and Australian coal (6500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 120 per tonne), indicative variable cost difference of power generation may be about Indian Rupees 0.20 to 0.30 per kWh (electricity unit) in favor of Indonesian coal.
Will it affect Indian economy growth or this coal export ban is ignorable as India can easily identify alternative sources of fuel?
The magnitude of growth in power generation in India will necessarily mean that coal will remain the mainstay. Natural gas has had issues of availability. Nuclear plant development is facing socio-political challenge in view of the risks of technology failure. Development of hydel power has also faced issues of land acquisition, rehabilitation & resettlement apart from the technical issues of hydro-geological features. Renewable sources such as solar and wind generation are still projected to constitute a small portion of India power generation mix. Identifying an alternative source that can match coal in its accessibility, availability and affordability in the context of scale of capacity addition required in India is a challenge.
What is the Indian government's role on this issue, whether government has to come out with the solution such as easing Indian mining and environment law, open up mining for foreigners, G2G arrangement, etc…?
There is a need to look at domestic sources with pro-active and constructive approach and make all necessary legal and statutory amendments that make the resources available and mineable. Easing the regulations may not be one of such measures but making those regulations work in sync with each other in a time bound and predictable manner must certainly be.
There is certainly a case for opening the domestic coal sector for private participation, including independent miners, and for foreign participation so that newer technology and enhanced scale of operations are implemented in India. The regulation also needs to permit risk capital to come in for prospecting and exploration.
For imports the G2G relations can be leveraged to secure coal assets. India has good relationship with Indonesia and has also signed a tax treaty with Mozambique in 2010 which will facilitate investments. Government may also engage with these countries to ease exports to India and extend fiscal support to coal mining companies investing in mining and associated infrastructure development.
About Dipesh Dipu
Dipesh Dipu works as Director with Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India Pvt. Ltd in the Energy and Resources consulting practice of the firm and anchors the Firm’s initiative in the mining and metals sectors.
He is a mining engineering graduate from Indian School of Mines and is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA). He has also done executive program in business management from Indian Institute of Management Calcutta. Dipesh has recently been awarded the Abheraj Baldota Gold Medal for the Young Mining Engineer of the Year 2007 by the Mining Engineers’ Association of India in recognition of his contributions in the improvement of mining industry in India.
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Monday, 02 February 15
INDONESIA'S ADARO ENERGY PRODUCED 56.21 MILLION TONNES OF COAL IN 2014; UP 8% Y-O-Y
COALspot.com: PT. Adaro Energy, Indonesia’s largest coal producer, has increased coal production by 8% to 56.21 million tonnes (Mt) from both ...
Monday, 02 February 15
API 8 CFR SOUTH CHINA COAL SWAP PICKS UP W-O-W
COALspot.com: API 8 CFR South China Coal swap for Q1’ 2015 delivery declined US$ 0.81 (-1.36%) per MT month over month and gained US$ 0.18&nb ...
Monday, 02 February 15
SOUTH KOREA'S KOMIPO INVITES BIDS FOR 280K MT OF SUB-BITUMINOUS COAL
COALspot.com: South Korean state-owned utility Korea Midland Power (KOMIPO) issued an new tender to buy total 280,000 MT of Sub-bituminous coal coa ...
Sunday, 01 February 15
INDONESIA-TO-INDIA COAL FREIGHT RATES REMAIN WEAK NEXT WEEK
COALspot.com: The BDI continued its fall reached lowest levels since 1986 this week.
The BDI declined 15.55 pct to 608 points on Friday 30, Ja ...
Friday, 30 January 15
CONTANGO AND TANKERS - SKULD
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
Like an invitation to a dance, the word contango may have some people flustered, but for tanker owners this market phenome ...
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- CNBM International Corporation - China
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Australian Coal Association
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Economic Council, Georgia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- White Energy Company Limited
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Planning Commission, India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
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