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Tuesday, 06 September 11
INDONESIAS PROPOSED COAL EXPORT BAN MAY HAVE IMPACT ON THE INDIAN POWER SECTOR - DIPESH DIPU
.jpg) COALspot.com - This is a special interview about Indonesian proposed coal export ban by 2014, with Mr. Dipesh Dipu, Director of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, India.
The Indonesian government is currently in the process of drafting a new regulation that could ban the export of low-grade coal by January 12, 2014. This is likely to apply to coal below 5700 kcal/kg on air dried basis in value.
As of now Indonesia is producing around 150 million tons of coal with calorific value below 5700 GAD (according to chairman of Indonesian coal mining association). However by 2014, there are possibilities the total production of below 5700 GAD coal may reach more than 200 million per annum.
Will Indonesian coal export ban impact on the Indian fuel requirements?
The earlier grade of coal that was being considered for proposed ban has GCV of 5100 kcal/kg of less (adb), which can be comparable to 3800-4200 kcal/kg (arb) domestic coal available in India. This grade of coal has found favor in India primarily due to likely price advantage but economics of power generation based on such grade of imported coal may be a suspect. This considering that such grades of coal from Indonesia typically have high moisture content, which makes transportation cost per unit of energy generated higher. The quantum of the low grade of coal (<5100 kcal/kg adb) procured from Indonesia is likely to remain relatively low.
However, if the new definition of low grade coal is applied (<5700 kcal/kg adb), it may be reasonable to believe that such a ban may have impact on the Indian power sector as volumes in this grade of coal are expected to rise in the proportion of coal exports to India. Several of the acquisitions made by Indian power generation companies in Indonesia have been in coal blocks that will produce coal of this grade, and a blanket ban on the exports can jeopardize power plant development in India.
On the other hand, the domestic Indonesian market may not be prepared to consume all the coal mined of this grade in view of the power generation capacity addition plans in Indonesia. In such a case, the coal mine development is likely to be deferred. The Indonesian law makers may need to reconsider domestic market demand, investment climate in coal sector and impact of the legislation on the export revenues.
What is the alternative source for Indian power industry if the proposed coal export ban come into effect by 2014?
Indian power generation companies have been forced to look out for coal assets abroad due to the investment and regulatory environment within the country. India boasts of more than 110 billion tonnes of coal reserves, which largely fall within a 300 meters of depth. If the regulatory and investment environment is amended to allow greater participation of private sector Indian dependence on imports will be reduced.
However, for imports, India will continue to look at Indonesia, South Africa, Australia and newer destinations like Mozambique and Columbia. But these sources also have constraints, domestic demands in South Africa is likely to restrict quantum jump in exports out of South Africa. Indonesia has also proposed domestic market obligations. Mozambique may have infrastructure constraints for large volumes of coal being transported from Tete province to ports of Maputo, Ncala or Beira. Australian coal is of high quality but may have higher costs of mining and transport.
What would be the additional cost if Indian consumers switch their sourcing origin from Indonesia?
Indonesia has competitive advantage due to its geographical closeness. However, on a per tonne basis, assuming comparable quality, costs of transport may make marginal difference when compared with South Africa and Mozambique.
When compared to Australian coal, due to the high quality, cost of energy may well be comparable even though shipping costs are higher. Between Indonesian coal (5500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 90 per tonne) and Australian coal (6500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 120 per tonne), indicative variable cost difference of power generation may be about Indian Rupees 0.20 to 0.30 per kWh (electricity unit) in favor of Indonesian coal.
Will it affect Indian economy growth or this coal export ban is ignorable as India can easily identify alternative sources of fuel?
The magnitude of growth in power generation in India will necessarily mean that coal will remain the mainstay. Natural gas has had issues of availability. Nuclear plant development is facing socio-political challenge in view of the risks of technology failure. Development of hydel power has also faced issues of land acquisition, rehabilitation & resettlement apart from the technical issues of hydro-geological features. Renewable sources such as solar and wind generation are still projected to constitute a small portion of India power generation mix. Identifying an alternative source that can match coal in its accessibility, availability and affordability in the context of scale of capacity addition required in India is a challenge.
What is the Indian government's role on this issue, whether government has to come out with the solution such as easing Indian mining and environment law, open up mining for foreigners, G2G arrangement, etc…?
There is a need to look at domestic sources with pro-active and constructive approach and make all necessary legal and statutory amendments that make the resources available and mineable. Easing the regulations may not be one of such measures but making those regulations work in sync with each other in a time bound and predictable manner must certainly be.
There is certainly a case for opening the domestic coal sector for private participation, including independent miners, and for foreign participation so that newer technology and enhanced scale of operations are implemented in India. The regulation also needs to permit risk capital to come in for prospecting and exploration.
For imports the G2G relations can be leveraged to secure coal assets. India has good relationship with Indonesia and has also signed a tax treaty with Mozambique in 2010 which will facilitate investments. Government may also engage with these countries to ease exports to India and extend fiscal support to coal mining companies investing in mining and associated infrastructure development.
About Dipesh Dipu
Dipesh Dipu works as Director with Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India Pvt. Ltd in the Energy and Resources consulting practice of the firm and anchors the Firm’s initiative in the mining and metals sectors.
He is a mining engineering graduate from Indian School of Mines and is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA). He has also done executive program in business management from Indian Institute of Management Calcutta. Dipesh has recently been awarded the Abheraj Baldota Gold Medal for the Young Mining Engineer of the Year 2007 by the Mining Engineers’ Association of India in recognition of his contributions in the improvement of mining industry in India.
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Monday, 15 June 15
API 5 FOB NEWCASTLE COAL SWAP: Q1'16 DELIVERY CLOSED 1.14% LOWER THAN Q4'15 DELIVERY PRICE
COALspot.com: API 5 FOB Newcastle Coal swap for Q3’ 2015 delivery up $ 1.10 per MT (2.47%) month over month to US$ 45.67 per mt. The swap ...
Monday, 15 June 15
CFR SOUTH CHINA COAL SWAP: ROSE M-O-M; DECLINED W-O-W
COALspot.com: API 8 CFR South China Coal swap for Q3’ 2015 delivery rose US$ 1.43 (2.82%) per MT month over month.
A commodity swap is a ...
Sunday, 14 June 15
THE FREIGHT MARKET FINISHED THE WEEK UP COMPARED TO LAST WEEK
COALspot.com: The freight market finished the week up compared to last week. All the segments except for Cape index were up. Cape segment was ...
Friday, 12 June 15
EXPECTATIONS IN REGARDS TO THE SUMMER SEASON VARY ACROSS THE MARKET - INTERMODAL
The Dry Bulk market closed off last slightly up last week, with the BDI re-gaining the 600 points level, while the driving force behind the increas ...
Friday, 12 June 15
U.S. PRODUCED 15.1 MMST OF COAL THIS PAST WEEK - EIA
COALspot.com – United States the second largest coal producer in the world has produced approximately totaled an estimated 15.1 million short ...
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- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
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- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
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- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
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- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
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- Wilmar Investment Holdings
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- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
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- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
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- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
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- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
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- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
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- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
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- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
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- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
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- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- The University of Queensland
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
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- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Australian Coal Association
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- PTC India Limited - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
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- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
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- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
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- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
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- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- VISA Power Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
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- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
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- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
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