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Wednesday, 20 July 22
BOOST FOR BIOFUELS AS IMO REMOVES REGULATORY HURDLE - GARD
 MARPOL Annex VI regulations were written for petroleum derived fuels but also apply to biofuels. It has been a challenge to meet the regulatory requirement to demonstrate that biofuels do not “cause an engine to exceed the applicable NOx emission limit”. Our guest author, Unni Einemo, explains the challenge and the recent actions in the MEPC to address it.
Interest in biofuels is growing due to its environmental benefits and potential GHG savings, but there have been doubts about a potential increase in NOx emissions and compliance with MARPOL Annex VI and the NOx Technical Code.
Regulation 18 of MARPOL Annex VI, “Fuel Oil Availability and Qualities”, applies to fuels derived from petroleum refining and also fuels derived by methods other than petroleum refining.
Biofuels and biofuel blends have to comply with MARPOL Annex VI.
Apart from limits on sulphur content, Regulation 18.3.2.2 of MARPOL Annex VI requires that such fuels shall not “… cause an engine to exceed the applicable NOx emission limit…”.
Meeting applicable sulphur limits is normally not a challenge for biofuels; however the nature of the NOx Technical Code has been problematic as engine certification and the associated IAPP-certificate requires that the parent engine test is undertaken on a DM-grade (distillate) marine fuel in accordance with ISO 8217:2005.
To demonstrate that biofuels do not “cause an engine to exceed the applicable NOx emission limit” has been a challenge. It would require either on-board emission testing and monitoring, or engine and fuel-specific NOx emissions validation testing, with the added complexity of not being able to define a reference biofuel. Alternatively, ships have been able to apply for an exemption from Regulation 18 of MARPOL Annex VI in line with MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 3: “Trials for Ship Emission Reduction and Control Technology Research”. Exemptions for the testing of the biofuels can be granted up to 18 months for smaller engines, and up to five years for larger engines with cylinder displacements over 30 litres, subject to the flag Administrations decision.
This regulatory hurdle is now set to be cleared thanks to a new “Unified Interpretation (UI)” approved by the IMO’s Marine Environment Committee in June 2022 on the application of regulation 18.3 MARPOL Annex VI in relation to biofuels.
This UI means that biofuel blends up to 30% (B30) will be regarded in the same way as regular oil-based fuels.
It also allows the use of B30 to B100 biofuels for “engines certified in accordance with regulation 13 of MARPOL Annex VI which can operate on a biofuel or a biofuel blend without changes to its NOx critical components or settings/operating values outside those as given by that engine’s approved Technical File.”
Experience to date is that no engine setting changes have been needed to operate on up to B100 biofuels, according to information from Lloyd’s Register.
A recently published Lloyd’s Register Technical Report on NOx from marine diesel engines using biofuels covered data from multiple biofuel sea trials with FAME or FAME-type fuels from 20% through to 100% bio-component. The report concluded that that NOx emissions were not significantly increased in any instance.
Moreover, NOx emission data from several in-use trials submitted to the IMO have shown that NOx emissions of various biofuel blends, up to and including 100% bio-components, are often less than NOx emissions from oil-based fuels, or comparable.
The UI will be issued as MEPC.1/Circ.795/Rev.6, replacing MEPC.1/Circ.795/Rev.6 but is essentially already in effect. There may be a delay in taking this new UI into account in some countries, so owners planning to use biofuels should contact their flag Administration about their formal position in applying this UI.
The UI will come as a relief to owners who want to use biofuels without having to undertake onboard NOx measurements, which has – from all accounts – been a complex and onerous exercise representing a substantial extra workload compared to normal service.
Source: Gard
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Tuesday, 22 December 20
SOUTHEAST ASIA'S COAL DEMAND IS SET TO EXPAND AFTER THE PANDEMIC-INDUCED HIATUS IN 2020 - IEA
Coal consumption in Southeast Asia has more than doubled in the last decade, with the largest growth in Indonesia and Viet Nam, followed by Malaysi ...
Tuesday, 22 December 20
COAL DEMAND IS RISING QUICKLY IN PAKISTAN AND MORE SLOWLY IN BANGLADESH - IEA
Pakistan had 150 MW of installed coal power capacity in 2015. Since 2017, in addition to a few small plants for industry, Pakistan has commissioned ...
Tuesday, 22 December 20
AFRICA PERSPECTIVE INDICATES NO MAJOR SHIFTS FOR COAL CONSUMPTION - IEA
Overall countries on the African continent consumed 197 Mt of coal in 2019, 12 Mt less (-6%) than 2018.
South Africa, the continent& ...
Monday, 21 December 20
COAL PRICES WITHSTAND DESPITE COVID-19 AND CHINESE IMPORT QUOTAS - IEA
Coal prices vary by region as well as by grade and quality. The price rebound starting in 2016 ended in 2018, moving in a downward trend in 2019. A ...
Monday, 21 December 20
COAL'S PARTIAL RECOVERY IS SET TO FADE AFTER 2021 - IEA
Global coal consumption is estimated to have fallen by 7%, or over 500 million tonnes, between 2018 in 2020. A decline of this size over a two-year ...
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- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Planning Commission, India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- The University of Queensland
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