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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Thursday, 10 February 22
EIA ANALYSIS CONSIDERS DIFFERENT OUTCOMES FOR COAL MARKETS IN INDIA AND SOUTHEAST ASIA
In our International Energy Outlook 2021 (IEO2021) Issues in Focus: Uncertainty in Coal Trade in India and Greater Southeast Asia, we analyze three ...
Wednesday, 09 February 22
OIL PRICES: "IT'S GOING TO BE VERY EASY" TO GET TO $100/BARREL, ANALYST SAYS - YAHOO FINANCE
Energy and oil prices have been on fire over the last six months — and expect them to go higher, says one analyst.
“For ...
Wednesday, 09 February 22
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
Iron ore prices have jumped significantly in the week prior to the Chinese New Year with traders and producers stocking up on raw materials. China& ...
Wednesday, 09 February 22
FEBRUARY HBA HITS RECORD HIGH IN 2022 ON INDONESIA’S EXPORT BAN IN JANUARY, WORSEN SUPPLY, UKRAINE TENSIONS
COALspot.com: Indonesian Coal Price Reference for February in a steep climb from January 2022.
As expected in January the Indonesia ...
Wednesday, 09 February 22
CHINESE COAL MARKS BEST DAY IN 4 MONTHS ON TIGHT SUPPLY, HIGH DEMAND - REUTERS
China’s coal futures on Tuesday recorded their best session since Bejing’s mid-October intervention to cool runaway prices, aided by co ...
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- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- White Energy Company Limited
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- PTC India Limited - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Planning Commission, India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
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