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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Saturday, 23 July 22
STABILITY OF RUSSIAN GAS FLOWS REMAIN UNCERTAIN, DESPITE THE REOPENING OF NORD STREAM - WOOD MACKENZIE
Gazprom confirmed today that regular annual maintenance of Nord Stream is officially over and gas flows restarted at 63 million cubic metres per da ...
Friday, 22 July 22
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
Faced with uncertainty regarding the most cost-efficient alternative fuels and the future dominant method to reduce their greenhouse emissions, man ...
Friday, 22 July 22
YANCOAL AUSTRALIA CUTS 2022 COAL OUTPUT VIEW AS FLOODS, COVID BITE - REUTERS
Coal miner Yancoal Australia Ltd YAL.AX cut its 2022 output forecast on Wednesday, signalling a hit from higher-than-expected rainfall, COVID-19-le ...
Wednesday, 20 July 22
BOOST FOR BIOFUELS AS IMO REMOVES REGULATORY HURDLE - GARD
MARPOL Annex VI regulations were written for petroleum derived fuels but also apply to biofuels. It has been a challenge to meet the regulatory req ...
Wednesday, 20 July 22
INDONESIA’S COAL EXPORTS TO THE EU INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY RECENTLY
European countries have increased coal imports from Indonesia due to the energy crisis that hit the region after Russia cuts gas exports to Europe. ...
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- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
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- SMC Global Power, Philippines
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- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
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- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
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- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
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- Petron Corporation, Philippines
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- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
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- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
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- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
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- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
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- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
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- Aditya Birla Group - India
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- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
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- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
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- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
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- Australian Coal Association
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- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
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- Interocean Group of Companies - India
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- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
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- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
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- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Economic Council, Georgia
- PTC India Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
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- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- White Energy Company Limited
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
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- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Planning Commission, India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
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- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
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- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
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- The Treasury - Australian Government
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