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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Monday, 14 June 21
'WISHFUL THINKING': WHY CHINA NEEDS AUSTRALIAN IRON ORE FOR 'MANY YEARS' TO COME - YAHOO FINANCE AU
A “wintry period”.
That’s what’s expected to happen to Australia’s economy “when” China st ...
Sunday, 13 June 21
COAL AND LNG’S SURGE IN ASIA PLAYS INTO RENEWABLE ENERGY HANDS - REUTERS
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) and thermal coal prices in Asia have been roaring ahead in recent months amid strong demand, but while welcome news for ...
Friday, 11 June 21
5 REASONS GLOBAL SHIPPING COSTS WILL CONTINUE TO RISE - ING
No short-term relief
Shipping costs have been growing strongly since the autumn of 2020, but the first months of this year have seen a new surg ...
Friday, 11 June 21
ASIA COAL PRICES SURGE, BUT CHINA-AUSTRALIA DISPUTE MEANS RALLY IS UNEVEN - REUTERS
Thermal coal prices across Asia have surged to multi-year highs amid strong demand and some supply constraints, but some types of the fuel have don ...
Thursday, 10 June 21
INDONESIA COAL EARNINGS RECOVERY TO SLOW AFTER STRONG 1Q - FITCH RATINGS
Fitch Ratings expects the recovery in operating and financial performance of Indonesian coal miners and coal contractors to slow during rest of 202 ...
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- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Australian Coal Association
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- The University of Queensland
- MS Steel International - UAE
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
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