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Wednesday, 19 February 20
AS OCEAN TEMPERATURES RISE, SHIPOWNERS LOOK FOR WAYS TO COPE - WARTSILA
 The world is heating up, and its oceans are no exception. According to the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the oceans absorb the majority of the heat created by greenhouse gas emissions, causing their temperature to rise. During this summer, the hottest on record in the Northern Hemisphere, unusually high temperatures were seen on coasts and seas around the world.
The relationship between warming oceans and the shipping industry is complex and interdependent. Shipping accounts for 3% of world emissions – the same as Germany – and, as such, is a large contributor to global temperature rise. This, in turn, will increasingly affect the infrastructure the shipping industry relies upon in the future.
Melting ice, rising waters
One of the most obvious impacts of rising ocean temperatures has been felt in the Arctic. The Arctic sea ice is declining at the fastest rate in a millennium, and its retreat opens up the possibility of shipping via the Northern Sea Route (NSR) along the Russian Arctic coast. Use of the NSR is only just the beginning, and the need for icebreakers and specialised ships and crews means that the route is unlikely to become popular any time soon.
Jean-Paul Rodrique, an expert on transport geography at Hofstra University, notes that even if the NSR is used more frequently, it will chiefly increase access to Arctic ports and some of the resources contained within the Arctic, rather than reshaping global shipping routes overall. According to Rodrique, the result of the warming Arctic will most likely be increased use of “some ports in the Arctic on a regular basis.” This will mean that those ports can be involved in accessing resources in the Arctic interior, which are difficult to reach.
Warmer ocean temperatures and diminishing amounts of ice do have another consequence, however: rising sea levels. In September, the IPCC released a special report on how the ocean and cryosphere –the frozen parts of the planet – are being affected by climate change. It found that melting ice in the Arctic and Antarctic and from glaciers has already significantly increased the amount of water in the oceans. The rate at which water is released is accelerating and is likely to lead to a sea level rise of between 60 and 110cm by 2100.
Such a rise could, eventually, jeopardise cities and ports at sea level. While Rodrique notes that the effect of rising sea levels currently is only ‘marginal’, in the future, higher seas could have an impact.
Climate change has also altered the behaviour of the Gulf Stream, the system of currents that moves warm water from the tropics along the east coast of the United States and across the Atlantic to Europe. A weakening Gulf Stream would mean that sea levels rise unevenly, with particular impact on places such as Florida. The increased prevalence of extreme weather events such as hurricanes also would make sailing in certain regions more dangerous, an effect that is already being felt in the cruise industry in areas like the Caribbean.
The need for new port infrastructure
Some of the ports most likely to be affected are already trying to grapple with the problem. River ports, such as Rotterdam in the Netherlands, are particularly at risk from rising sea levels. Rotterdam is the largest port in Europe and is crucial for the continent’s trade. It also sits outside the city’s flood defence system and is open to the North Sea. Because of these factors, planning for climate change has long been a priority for the port authority. Many of the port’s facilities are already elevated, but studies are being conducted on the measures that must be taken to mitigate against climate change in the future, including strengthening flood and storm defences. The port is also encouraging ships to invest in renewable power, to reduce any additional negative effects on the environment. The whole city hopes to be climate proof by 2025.
Other ports are beginning to catch on. The seas around the coast of Virginia have risen just under half a metre in the last century, one of the fastest rates of sea level rise in the United States (relative to the speed at which land is sinking). They could rise another 35 cm by 2050, and by over a metre by 2100, according to the government’s National Climate Assessment. The Port of Virginia in Norfolk, the fifth-largest port for shipping containers in the U.S., has begun preparing for the future. Last year, as part of an overall renovation, the port began moving its electric power stations off the ground and its data servers further inshore to keep them out of the path of rising waters.
Ports elsewhere are being encouraged to do more. In December last year, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) warned ports that if they are not ready to cope with the projected impacts of climate change, they could harm the trade and sustainable development goals of all nations. “The impacts may be severe, and, given what is at stake, we have no time to lose,” said Regina Asariotis, UNCTAD’s head of policy and legislation at the time of the announcement.
Source: Wartsila
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Tuesday, 18 February 20
CORONAVIRUS AND ITS IMPACT ON YOUR CONTRACT - CAN YOU RELY ON 'FORCE MAJEURE'? - INCE
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
On 30 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that the outbreak of the Novel Coronavirus (officially t ...
Monday, 17 February 20
IMO-2020 SULPHUR CAP - ISSUES TO CONSIDER PRIOR TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CARRIAGE BAN ON 1 MARCH 2020 - STANDARD CLUB
With the IMO 2020 global sulphur cap now in force, members should bear in mind another significant date in relation to the ‘carriage ban&rsqu ...
Monday, 17 February 20
COVID-19: THE EFFECT OF THIS PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCY ON CHARTERPARTY TERMS - GARD
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
Is it useful to compare the COVID-19 with earlier disease outbreaks?
A comparison with the Ebola outbreak ...
Saturday, 15 February 20
CHINA'S BENCHMARK POWER COAL PRICE EDGES UP - REUTERS
China’s benchmark power coal price rose slightly during the past week.
The Bohai-Rim Steam-Coal Price Index (BSPI), a gauge of ...
Saturday, 15 February 20
CHEN ZHIDA: NOVEL CORONAVIRUS - IMPLICATIONS FOR CHARTERPARTIES - SHIPOWNERS' CLUB
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
Last month, the Club issued a bulletin on the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) which explained the origin of the virus a ...
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- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- PTC India Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Planning Commission, India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Australian Coal Association
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- The University of Queensland
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- VISA Power Limited - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
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