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Tuesday, 26 September 17
REDUCING THE RISK OF LIQUEFACTION - IUMI
 KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
Liquefaction is a phenomenon that can take place in granular materials, such as soil or fine ore, where the behaviour of the material changes quickly from a dry solid state to a pseudo-liquid state and starts to flow like a fluid.
It can be caused by external forces such as vibrations or rapid loading which affect the internal pore water pressure causing the granular particles to lose contact with each other and initiate ‘flow’ due to reduced strength.
Commonly known as a consequence of earthquakes, liquefaction poses a very serious stability risk for bulk carriers. The international regulations that govern cargoes that are likely to liquefy, Group “A” according to the International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes (IMSBC) Code, are regularly reviewed and updated at the International Maritime Organization in order to safeguard the shipping industry.
There are five basic checks that a vessel should make before loading a cargo to mitigate this risk;
1. Cargo should be correctly identified in all documentation using the Bulk Cargo Shipping Name as outlined in IMSBC Code regulations. Commercial or trade names may lead to confusion and inadequate action taken to reduce the risk of liquefaction.
2. Test analysis certificates should be reviewed before loading. The shipper must declare the average moisture content and the transportable moisture limit value for cargoes that are likely to liquefy (Group “A” according to the IMSBC Code). These certificates must be dated within the limits of validity as referenced in the IMSBC Code.
3. Visual inspections should be carried out in order to check whether any portions of the cargo appear different from the rest of the consignment in composition or characteristics. The shipper is responsible for ensuring that a test to determine the transportable moisture limit (TML) value is conducted again after it is reasonably assumed that such a variation has taken place.
4. Iron, nickel, bauxite, and other mineral ores, are most heavily mined in areas which experience heavy seasonal precipitation. Heavy rain will unavoidably increase moisture levels during loading, therefore loading should not take place during periods of rainfall, snow or precipitation to minimise saturation. If the cargo has been exposed to significant rain or snow between the time of testing and the date of completion of loading, the shipper is responsible for ensuring that the moisture content of the cargo is still less than its TML, and evidence of this must be provided to the master as soon as practicable.
5. Finally, the crew can perform a complementary test at the port. The ‘can test’ is described in the IMSBC Code in order to provide the crew with a means of checking the behaviour of cargo samples under small dynamic forces before loading.
Source: International Union of Marine Insurance
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Sunday, 10 September 23
CHINA AUGUST COAL IMPORTS OF 44.3 MLN T HIT RECORD - REUTERS
China, the world’s top coal consumer, imported 44.3 million metric tons of the fuel last month, customs data showed, the highest amount in an ...
Tuesday, 22 August 23
CHINA'S COAL PRODUCTION LOGS STEADY GROWTH IN JANUARY-JULY: XINHUA
China’s output of raw coal went up 3.6 percent year on year in the first seven months of this year, official data showed.
The ...
Sunday, 13 August 23
THE COMMODITIES FEED: LNG SUPPLY RISKS LINGER - ING
Energy – OPEC sees deficit over remainder of 2023
Oil prices came under some pressure yesterday with ICE Brent settling a litt ...
Wednesday, 09 August 23
COAL TRADE TO RETURN TO 2019 LEVELS - BALTIC EXCHANGE
The International Energy Agency’s mid-year Coal Market Update for 2023 brings both positive and concerning news for the global coal industry. ...
Sunday, 23 July 23
ANALYSIS-INDIA'S COAL MINING BET STUMBLES AS WARY BANKS WEIGH RISING RISKS - REUTERS
India’s drive to ramp up coal output to meet growing energy demand is faltering due to banks’ reluctance to finance newly auctioned min ...
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- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
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