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Monday, 06 October 14
' COAL-BY-WIRE' FROM SUMATRA TO JAVA - THE JAKARTA POST
 Coal from the island of Sumatra accounts for most of Indonesia’s low-grade lignite, a low-quality coal that receives a poor price in international markets.
Given this low pricing combined with high transportation costs and the fact that most reserves are located in landlocked areas, it is not feasible to export Sumatra’s coal out of the island.
It is more efficient to use Sumatra’s coal for a mine-mouth power plant, an approach in which we develop a power plant very close to where mines are located, use the low-calorie coal from the mines to feed the plant, and transmit the electricity, rather than transporting a low-value commodity, out of the mines.
With mine-mouth, we no longer require either barges or expensive railway-heavy infrastructure to transport coal; rather we need to have long-distance high-voltage transmission lines to bring “coal-by-wire” from mines to consumer centers, either regions in Sumatra and/or Java-Bali.
Essentially, with “coal-by-wire” we are transporting a higher-value commodity by wire from mines to customers. Coal stays in the landlocked areas and feeds mine-mouth, coal-fired power plants.
“Coal-by-wire” would definitely boost the development of a domestic market for low-grade coal. Today, our market for coal is very thin as we are one of the world’s leading exporters of thermal coal of a high quality in the international market.
Our exports have increased very significantly within the past decade on account of demand from fast-growing Asian economies. More than 80 percent of our coal currently produced is exported.
Indeed, coal is currently the most important source of energy for our economy. For decades coal has accounted for more than half of our power-generation capacity. And this will continue for a half century to come before alternative and cleaner energy sources other than coal become affordably available.
Our economy is also growing, and of course will require more electricity power and therefore coal – challenges that have to be met. Electricity generation now consumes close to 75 million tons per year, and will almost triple in the next 10 to 15 years.
However, domestic use of coal today notoriously suffers from infrastructure bottlenecks. Congested barges and ports, as well as a shortage of railways limit the transportation of coal from coalmines in two coal-producing regions, Kalimantan and Sumatra, to demand centers in Java-Bali, where most of our power plants are located.
The majority of our coal reserves in the two regions are located in landlocked areas that require rail transportation infrastructure to reach ports for export.
Either truck haul or rail is needed to transport the coal to barge ports and terminals.
Truck operating costs are about twice that of rail, but existing rail transportation infrastructure is severely insufficient.
Indonesia’s attempts to improve coal-transport infrastructure for the domestic market have not been very successful. Dedicated coal ports in Kalimantan have been planned for many years, but implementation has again faced bottleneck issues.
Specialized railways for coal in Sumatra have also been initiated, but this concept is still under development and has not yet received a higher-level mandate or legal authorization.
Delays in expanding the capacity of barge and transportation infrastructure cause inefficiencies and high transportation costs in domestic coal utilization. These high costs and infrastructure bottlenecks have held back the development of the domestic market for coal.
Our high-voltage transmission lines are also astonishingly limited. The state-owned electricity company (PLN) operates approximately 40,000 kilometers of transmission lines, with less than 15 percent of this total serving the island of Sumatra.
If we can build more mine-mouth, coal-fired power generation plants we will need to expand our transmission network across the island, interconnected to other transmission systems in Java-Bali.
A new set of lines of a high-voltage of 500 kilovolts and medium-voltage of 275 kV needs to be developed as a backbone network across the island, i.e. providing long-distance, reliable and stable transmission.
The distribution system and transformer capacity also need to be expanded to service a larger coverage of costumers and demand centers.
We are required also to develop an interconnected transmission system, as existing electricity transmission is not compatible across regions due to different systems and manufacturer standards adopted in the past.
The current initiative of developing inter-island interconnection lines between Java and Sumatra with 500kV High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) lines needs to be completed in harmony with the mine-mouth development.
These long-distance transmission and distribution lines, as well as interconnected systems are required to exist before a system of mine-mouth power plants is commissioned to ensure that electricity produced can be transmitted in a timely manner and with minimum cost.
Both the central and local governments must work hand-in-hand to endorse incentives to encourage the private sector — independent power producers (IPPs) — to develop mine-mouth power plants.
Incentives need to be designed to enhance the financial viability of IPPs’ mine-mouth power plant projects.
PLN as an off-taker of IPP plays a fundamental role as the “coal-by-wire” agent, and has to be ready to absorb all of the risks associated with the development and operation of the system, including the difficulties in land acquisition and intra-regional compatibility of transmission systems.
Sumatra with its huge resources of low-grade coal can secure its own electricity supply and, eventually, can be the source of low-cost electricity with its energy radiating not only to Java, but also to every corner of the country.
Source: The Jakarta Post
The writer is deputy for energy and mineral resources at the office of Coordinating Economic Minister.
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Tuesday, 09 September 14
PORT OF NEWCASTLE SHIPPED 13.207 MTN OF COAL IN AUGUST; TRADE VALUE AROUND $1.17 BILLION
COALspot.com: The Port of Newcastle, Australia’s major trading ports and the world’s largest coal export port, has shipped $1.17 billio ...
Monday, 08 September 14
SUB-BIT FOB INDONESIA COAL SWAP UNDERPERFORMED LAST WEEK
COALspot.com: Indonesian coal swaps for average October 2014 decreased US$ 0.20 (-0.39%) day on day and US$ 1.60 (-3.04%) per mt week on week. The ...
Monday, 08 September 14
API 8 CFR SOUTH CHINA COAL SWAP FOR DELIVERY JAN'15 CLOSED AT US$ 66.30 PMT W/E 5 SEPTEMBER 2014; LOST 5.15% M-O-M
COALspot.com: API 8 CFR South China Coal swap for delivery in October 2014 decreased US$ 0.15 (-0.23%) day on day and US$ 2.05 (-3.04%) week on wee ...
Monday, 08 September 14
CHINESE IRON ORE IMPORT DEMAND VERY STRONG - COMMODORE
COALspot.com: 30 dry bulk vessels were chartered in the spot iron ore market last week to haul iron ore import cargoes to Chinese buyers.
Acco ...
Sunday, 07 September 14
FREIGHT MARKET CONTINUED TO BE FIRM IN SPITE OF CAPE'S THIS WEEK'S WEAK PERFORMANCE
COALspot.com: BDI up by 0.7 pct week on week and closed at 1155 points this week. The Baltic Dry Index is a composite of three sub-indexes that mea ...
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- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Planning Commission, India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- The University of Queensland
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- PTC India Limited - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
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