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Sunday, 26 August 12
SOUTH AFRICAN COAL OVERVIEW
South Africa's indigenous energy resource base is dominated by coal.
Internationally, coal is the most widely used primary fuel, accounting for about 36 percent of the total fuel consumption of the world's electricity production. About 77 percent of South Africa's primary energy needs are provided by coal. This is unlikely to change significantly in the next two decades owing to the relative lack of suitable alternatives to coal as an energy source. Many of the deposits can be exploited at extremely favourable costs and, as a result, a large coal-mining industry has developed.
In addition to the extensive use of coal in the domestic economy, about 28 percent of South Africa's production is exported, mainly through the Richards Bay Coal Terminal, making South Africa the fourth-largest coal exporting country in the world.
South Africa's coal is obtained from collieries that range from among the largest in the world to small-scale producers. As a result of new entrants, operating collieries increased to 64 during 2004. Of these, a relatively small number of large-scale producers supply coal primarily to electricity and synthetic fuel producers.
About 51 percent of South African coal mining is done underground and about 49 percent is produced by open-cast methods. The coal-mining industry is highly concentrated with five companies accounting for 85 percent of saleable coal production.
These companies are:
. Ingwe Collieries Limited, a BHP Billiton subsidiary;
. Anglo Coal;
. Sasol;
. Eyesizwe; and
. Kumba Resources Limited, accounting for 85 percent of the saleable coal production.
Production is concentrated in large mines, with 11 mines accounting for 70 percent of the output. South African coal for local electricity production is among the cheapest in the world. The beneficiation of coal, particularly for export, results in more than 65Mt of coal discards being produced every year.
About 21 percent of the run-of-mine coal produced is exported, and 21 percent is used locally (excluding power-station coal). The rest is not saleable and is discarded.
The remainder of South Africa's coal production feeds the various local industries:
. 62 percent is used for electricity generation;
. 23 percent for petrochemical industries (Sasol);
. 8 percent for general industry;
. 4 percent for the metallurgical industry (Mittal); and
. 4 percent is purchased by merchants and sold locally or exported.
The key role played by South Africa's coal reserves in the economy is illustrated by the fact that Eskom ranks first in the world as a steam coal user and seventh as an electricity generator. Sasol is the largest coal-to-chemicals producer.
By international standards, South Africa's coal deposits are relatively shallow with thick seams, which make them easier and, usually, cheaper to mine. At the present production rate, there should be more than 50 years of coal supply left.
Source: Department of Energy, Republic of South Africa
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Wednesday, 11 April 12
DRY BULK MARKET STILL SUBDUED, RECOVERY NOT YET SEEN - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The dry bulk market entered the new week after the past days of easter holidays in western countries in a subdued mood. The industry’s benchma ...
Monday, 09 April 12
WEEKLY DRY MARKET OVERVIEW - MARIA BERTZELETOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The first week of April ended with the Baltic Dry Index falling below 950 points, before Catholic Easter, and capesizes showing a modest upturn with ...
Sunday, 08 April 12
CHARTER RATES COULD CONTINUE TO BE SOFT NEXT WEEK - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - The BDI was almost at same levels closing slightly lower by 0.64 pct at 928 points.
The Cape index was up by 6.73 pct closing at ...
Friday, 06 April 12
INDONESIAN HBA FALL TO LOWEST LEVEL SINCE JANUARY 2011
COALspot.com - Indonesian HBA fall to lowest level since January 2011 this month. The monthly coal reference price for coal sales in April fal ...
Friday, 06 April 12
DRY BULK MARKET SWIFT TO HALT FALL ON RENEWED DEMAND FOR CAPESIZES - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The dry bulk managed to put a stop to the recent falls, which came as a result of a lacklustre demand for smaller vessel sizes. Although this trend ...
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- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Economic Council, Georgia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- White Energy Company Limited
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- The University of Queensland
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
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