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Sunday, 26 August 12
SOUTH AFRICAN COAL OVERVIEW
South Africa's indigenous energy resource base is dominated by coal.
Internationally, coal is the most widely used primary fuel, accounting for about 36 percent of the total fuel consumption of the world's electricity production. About 77 percent of South Africa's primary energy needs are provided by coal. This is unlikely to change significantly in the next two decades owing to the relative lack of suitable alternatives to coal as an energy source. Many of the deposits can be exploited at extremely favourable costs and, as a result, a large coal-mining industry has developed.
In addition to the extensive use of coal in the domestic economy, about 28 percent of South Africa's production is exported, mainly through the Richards Bay Coal Terminal, making South Africa the fourth-largest coal exporting country in the world.
South Africa's coal is obtained from collieries that range from among the largest in the world to small-scale producers. As a result of new entrants, operating collieries increased to 64 during 2004. Of these, a relatively small number of large-scale producers supply coal primarily to electricity and synthetic fuel producers.
About 51 percent of South African coal mining is done underground and about 49 percent is produced by open-cast methods. The coal-mining industry is highly concentrated with five companies accounting for 85 percent of saleable coal production.
These companies are:
. Ingwe Collieries Limited, a BHP Billiton subsidiary;
. Anglo Coal;
. Sasol;
. Eyesizwe; and
. Kumba Resources Limited, accounting for 85 percent of the saleable coal production.
Production is concentrated in large mines, with 11 mines accounting for 70 percent of the output. South African coal for local electricity production is among the cheapest in the world. The beneficiation of coal, particularly for export, results in more than 65Mt of coal discards being produced every year.
About 21 percent of the run-of-mine coal produced is exported, and 21 percent is used locally (excluding power-station coal). The rest is not saleable and is discarded.
The remainder of South Africa's coal production feeds the various local industries:
. 62 percent is used for electricity generation;
. 23 percent for petrochemical industries (Sasol);
. 8 percent for general industry;
. 4 percent for the metallurgical industry (Mittal); and
. 4 percent is purchased by merchants and sold locally or exported.
The key role played by South Africa's coal reserves in the economy is illustrated by the fact that Eskom ranks first in the world as a steam coal user and seventh as an electricity generator. Sasol is the largest coal-to-chemicals producer.
By international standards, South Africa's coal deposits are relatively shallow with thick seams, which make them easier and, usually, cheaper to mine. At the present production rate, there should be more than 50 years of coal supply left.
Source: Department of Energy, Republic of South Africa
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Saturday, 12 May 12
THE SHIPPING MARKET IS UNLIKELY TO SEE A REBOUND ANYTIME SOON - VISTAAR SINGAPORE
COALspot.com - The BDI softened this week and it was down by 1.64 pct closing at 1,138 points.
The cape index was up by 2.41 pct closing at 1,61 ...
Friday, 11 May 12
POLITICAL CHANGES COULD LEAD TO TEMPORARY HALT IN SHIPPING INVESTMENTS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The potential of changes of political leadership in many of the world’s leading economies could very well lead to significant shifts in the di ...
Thursday, 10 May 12
DRY BULK ERRATIC ON LACK OF DIRECTION - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The dry bulk market has kept up its erratic behavior as it went down again during yesterday’s session, on a lack of direct guidance in terms o ...
Wednesday, 09 May 12
COAL INDIA SIGNS FSAS WITH 13 POWER UNITS SO FAR - PTI
Press Trust of India has reported that, coal India has so far entered into fuel supply pacts with 13 power units, including Reliance Power's Rosa P ...
Tuesday, 08 May 12
DRY BULK MARKET LOOKING FOR NEW DIRECTION THIS WEEK - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
With the BDI (Baltic Dry Index) the main benchmark of the dry bulk shipping industry not traded at the start of this week, traders, charterers and s ...
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- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Australian Coal Association
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Planning Commission, India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
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