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Sunday, 26 August 12
SOUTH AFRICAN COAL OVERVIEW
South Africa's indigenous energy resource base is dominated by coal.
Internationally, coal is the most widely used primary fuel, accounting for about 36 percent of the total fuel consumption of the world's electricity production. About 77 percent of South Africa's primary energy needs are provided by coal. This is unlikely to change significantly in the next two decades owing to the relative lack of suitable alternatives to coal as an energy source. Many of the deposits can be exploited at extremely favourable costs and, as a result, a large coal-mining industry has developed.
In addition to the extensive use of coal in the domestic economy, about 28 percent of South Africa's production is exported, mainly through the Richards Bay Coal Terminal, making South Africa the fourth-largest coal exporting country in the world.
South Africa's coal is obtained from collieries that range from among the largest in the world to small-scale producers. As a result of new entrants, operating collieries increased to 64 during 2004. Of these, a relatively small number of large-scale producers supply coal primarily to electricity and synthetic fuel producers.
About 51 percent of South African coal mining is done underground and about 49 percent is produced by open-cast methods. The coal-mining industry is highly concentrated with five companies accounting for 85 percent of saleable coal production.
These companies are:
. Ingwe Collieries Limited, a BHP Billiton subsidiary;
. Anglo Coal;
. Sasol;
. Eyesizwe; and
. Kumba Resources Limited, accounting for 85 percent of the saleable coal production.
Production is concentrated in large mines, with 11 mines accounting for 70 percent of the output. South African coal for local electricity production is among the cheapest in the world. The beneficiation of coal, particularly for export, results in more than 65Mt of coal discards being produced every year.
About 21 percent of the run-of-mine coal produced is exported, and 21 percent is used locally (excluding power-station coal). The rest is not saleable and is discarded.
The remainder of South Africa's coal production feeds the various local industries:
. 62 percent is used for electricity generation;
. 23 percent for petrochemical industries (Sasol);
. 8 percent for general industry;
. 4 percent for the metallurgical industry (Mittal); and
. 4 percent is purchased by merchants and sold locally or exported.
The key role played by South Africa's coal reserves in the economy is illustrated by the fact that Eskom ranks first in the world as a steam coal user and seventh as an electricity generator. Sasol is the largest coal-to-chemicals producer.
By international standards, South Africa's coal deposits are relatively shallow with thick seams, which make them easier and, usually, cheaper to mine. At the present production rate, there should be more than 50 years of coal supply left.
Source: Department of Energy, Republic of South Africa
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Friday, 22 June 12
COAL: THE BACKBONE OF MODERN ELECTRICITY - ECOAL
Coal has been described as the "forgotten fuel," perhaps because many aren't aware of the huge role it plays in powering the global econo ...
Thursday, 21 June 12
DRY BULK MARKET ON THE RISE AGAIN - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The dry bulk market was on the rise once again yesterday, with the Baltic Dry Index (BDI), the industry’s benchmark, rising by 18 points, or 1 ...
Wednesday, 20 June 12
BDI MOVING HIGHER, PANAMAX AND SUPRAMAX VESSELS STRONGER, CAPESIZE RATES NEAR TO HISTORICAL LOWS OF DECEMBER 2008 - MARIA BERTZELETOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The dry market seems to follow the dynamic of the previous week with the Baltic Dry Index showing daily increases since June 8th, but is still stand ...
Tuesday, 19 June 12
SMALLER DRY BULK CARRIERS LIFT UP MARKET, PANAMAXES SET TO FALL SAYS ANALYST - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
Another rise for the dry bulk market was evident yesterday, as the industry’s benchmark, the BDI (Baltic Dry Index) was up for a ninth straigh ...
Sunday, 17 June 12
S7 & S8 ROUTES ARE LIKELY TO BE SOFT NEXT WEEK - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - The BDI gained some increase after continues fall for several weeks.
The BDI increased by 47 points (up by 5.36 pct) closing at 92 ...
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- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
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