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Sunday, 26 August 12
SOUTH AFRICAN COAL OVERVIEW
South Africa's indigenous energy resource base is dominated by coal.
Internationally, coal is the most widely used primary fuel, accounting for about 36 percent of the total fuel consumption of the world's electricity production. About 77 percent of South Africa's primary energy needs are provided by coal. This is unlikely to change significantly in the next two decades owing to the relative lack of suitable alternatives to coal as an energy source. Many of the deposits can be exploited at extremely favourable costs and, as a result, a large coal-mining industry has developed.
In addition to the extensive use of coal in the domestic economy, about 28 percent of South Africa's production is exported, mainly through the Richards Bay Coal Terminal, making South Africa the fourth-largest coal exporting country in the world.
South Africa's coal is obtained from collieries that range from among the largest in the world to small-scale producers. As a result of new entrants, operating collieries increased to 64 during 2004. Of these, a relatively small number of large-scale producers supply coal primarily to electricity and synthetic fuel producers.
About 51 percent of South African coal mining is done underground and about 49 percent is produced by open-cast methods. The coal-mining industry is highly concentrated with five companies accounting for 85 percent of saleable coal production.
These companies are:
. Ingwe Collieries Limited, a BHP Billiton subsidiary;
. Anglo Coal;
. Sasol;
. Eyesizwe; and
. Kumba Resources Limited, accounting for 85 percent of the saleable coal production.
Production is concentrated in large mines, with 11 mines accounting for 70 percent of the output. South African coal for local electricity production is among the cheapest in the world. The beneficiation of coal, particularly for export, results in more than 65Mt of coal discards being produced every year.
About 21 percent of the run-of-mine coal produced is exported, and 21 percent is used locally (excluding power-station coal). The rest is not saleable and is discarded.
The remainder of South Africa's coal production feeds the various local industries:
. 62 percent is used for electricity generation;
. 23 percent for petrochemical industries (Sasol);
. 8 percent for general industry;
. 4 percent for the metallurgical industry (Mittal); and
. 4 percent is purchased by merchants and sold locally or exported.
The key role played by South Africa's coal reserves in the economy is illustrated by the fact that Eskom ranks first in the world as a steam coal user and seventh as an electricity generator. Sasol is the largest coal-to-chemicals producer.
By international standards, South Africa's coal deposits are relatively shallow with thick seams, which make them easier and, usually, cheaper to mine. At the present production rate, there should be more than 50 years of coal supply left.
Source: Department of Energy, Republic of South Africa
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Tuesday, 16 October 12
DRY BULK FREIGHT RATES COULD IMPROVE ON CHINESE STIMULUS AND WINTER CARGO DEMAND SAYS BIMCO - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING NEWS
BIMCO has given out its forecast for the next six weeks, in terms of freight rates for dry bulk carriers. According to them, Capesize TC Average rat ...
Monday, 15 October 12
IT'S STRICTLY COME CHARTERING - CLARKSON RESEARCH SERVICES
The charter market is a bit of a dance between ship owner and charterer: one leader, one follower; one step, two steps, turn... The dance is symbiot ...
Sunday, 14 October 12
SUB-BIT INDONESIA COAL AND CFR SOUTH CHINA COAL SWAPS: SOFT
COALspot.com - Sub-Bit Indonesia coal swaps (FOB ) for December 2012 delivery lost 0.329 percent w- w but gained 0.248 percent d-d on Friday, 12 Oct ...
Sunday, 14 October 12
SUPRAMAX FREIGHT STEADY: PANAMAX FREIGHTS FIRM - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - The shipping market saw some hectic activity in the Cape and panamax sector and quite a lot of fixtures reported.
The BDI was up b ...
Friday, 12 October 12
HOW REAL IS THE THREAT OF PIRACY? - BIMCO
The threat of modern piracy remains serious, regardless of its seasonal variations and the fact that it is chiefly confined to the Indian Ocean, Gul ...
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- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- PTC India Limited - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
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