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Sunday, 26 August 12
SOUTH AFRICAN COAL OVERVIEW
South Africa's indigenous energy resource base is dominated by coal.
Internationally, coal is the most widely used primary fuel, accounting for about 36 percent of the total fuel consumption of the world's electricity production. About 77 percent of South Africa's primary energy needs are provided by coal. This is unlikely to change significantly in the next two decades owing to the relative lack of suitable alternatives to coal as an energy source. Many of the deposits can be exploited at extremely favourable costs and, as a result, a large coal-mining industry has developed.
In addition to the extensive use of coal in the domestic economy, about 28 percent of South Africa's production is exported, mainly through the Richards Bay Coal Terminal, making South Africa the fourth-largest coal exporting country in the world.
South Africa's coal is obtained from collieries that range from among the largest in the world to small-scale producers. As a result of new entrants, operating collieries increased to 64 during 2004. Of these, a relatively small number of large-scale producers supply coal primarily to electricity and synthetic fuel producers.
About 51 percent of South African coal mining is done underground and about 49 percent is produced by open-cast methods. The coal-mining industry is highly concentrated with five companies accounting for 85 percent of saleable coal production.
These companies are:
. Ingwe Collieries Limited, a BHP Billiton subsidiary;
. Anglo Coal;
. Sasol;
. Eyesizwe; and
. Kumba Resources Limited, accounting for 85 percent of the saleable coal production.
Production is concentrated in large mines, with 11 mines accounting for 70 percent of the output. South African coal for local electricity production is among the cheapest in the world. The beneficiation of coal, particularly for export, results in more than 65Mt of coal discards being produced every year.
About 21 percent of the run-of-mine coal produced is exported, and 21 percent is used locally (excluding power-station coal). The rest is not saleable and is discarded.
The remainder of South Africa's coal production feeds the various local industries:
. 62 percent is used for electricity generation;
. 23 percent for petrochemical industries (Sasol);
. 8 percent for general industry;
. 4 percent for the metallurgical industry (Mittal); and
. 4 percent is purchased by merchants and sold locally or exported.
The key role played by South Africa's coal reserves in the economy is illustrated by the fact that Eskom ranks first in the world as a steam coal user and seventh as an electricity generator. Sasol is the largest coal-to-chemicals producer.
By international standards, South Africa's coal deposits are relatively shallow with thick seams, which make them easier and, usually, cheaper to mine. At the present production rate, there should be more than 50 years of coal supply left.
Source: Department of Energy, Republic of South Africa
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Sunday, 09 December 12
LOW DEMAND PUSHES CHARTER RATES TOWARDS DOWN - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - The freight market has softened and BDI, The Baltic Dry Index, a measure of shipping costs for dry bulk goods, plunged below 10 ...
Friday, 07 December 12
A NEW PHASE FOR AUSTRALIAN RESOURCES - A FITCH STREET INTERVIEW
This week Matt Jamieson spoke with Andrew Colquhoun in Fitch's Asian sovereign rating team, and Vicky Melbourne, Fitch's commodity analyst based i ...
Friday, 07 December 12
SHIPPING INDUSTRY LOOKING ON YET ANOTHER TOUGH YEAR AS WE APPROACH 2013 - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
With shipping finance "on the ropes" as traditional lenders appear to be cutting their losses and tonnage oversupply still the most import ...
Thursday, 06 December 12
PANAMAX : THE POSITIVE VIBES IN THE ATLANTIC REMAINS - FEARNLEYS AS
Handy
The Atlantic market is still depressed with dearth of cargoes and more ships. The trips from Continent to Feast fixed around USD 12k. Trips f ...
Thursday, 06 December 12
STRONG CHINESE DEMAND FOR DRY BULK COMMODITIES EXPECTED FOR 2013 - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
A new analysis from BIMCO released yesterday suggests that 2013 is expected to be a stronger year in terms of China's "hunger" for commod ...
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- Australian Coal Association
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- The University of Queensland
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
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