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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Wednesday, 18 July 12
SHIP PRICES HAVE FALLEN RAPIDLY THIS YEAR, FAVORING INVESTORS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The price for a 5 year old Capesize dry bulk carrier of 172,000 dwt has fallen to about $33,4mil from $42.9 at the end of June 2011, while at end of ...
Saturday, 14 July 12
FREIGHT MARKET SEEMS TO BE QUITE VOLATILE - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - The market seems to be quite volatile with the trend changing almost every week. This week all the segments were down except for Pana ...
Friday, 13 July 12
TRANSCOAL MINERGY HAS RECEIVED PMA STATUS IN INDONESIA
COALspot.com - PT Transcoal Minergy (“TCM”) has received official foreign owned company status from the Capital Investment Coordinating ...
Thursday, 12 July 12
LACK OF CAPESIZE DEMAND DRAGS DRY BULK MARKET LOWER - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
A lack of demand for the larger Capesize dry bulk carriers had as a result the fall of the industry’s benchmark, the BDI (Baltic Dry Index), w ...
Thursday, 12 July 12
RIO TINTO'S SENIOR MANAGEMENT CHANGES
COALspot.com - Rio Tinto is making changes to its senior management team as chief financial officer (CFO) Guy Elliott has decided to retire at the e ...
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- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Australian Coal Association
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- The University of Queensland
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- White Energy Company Limited
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
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