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Tuesday, 06 September 11
INDONESIAS PROPOSED COAL EXPORT BAN MAY HAVE IMPACT ON THE INDIAN POWER SECTOR - DIPESH DIPU
.jpg) COALspot.com - This is a special interview about Indonesian proposed coal export ban by 2014, with Mr. Dipesh Dipu, Director of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, India.
The Indonesian government is currently in the process of drafting a new regulation that could ban the export of low-grade coal by January 12, 2014. This is likely to apply to coal below 5700 kcal/kg on air dried basis in value.
As of now Indonesia is producing around 150 million tons of coal with calorific value below 5700 GAD (according to chairman of Indonesian coal mining association). However by 2014, there are possibilities the total production of below 5700 GAD coal may reach more than 200 million per annum.
Will Indonesian coal export ban impact on the Indian fuel requirements?
The earlier grade of coal that was being considered for proposed ban has GCV of 5100 kcal/kg of less (adb), which can be comparable to 3800-4200 kcal/kg (arb) domestic coal available in India. This grade of coal has found favor in India primarily due to likely price advantage but economics of power generation based on such grade of imported coal may be a suspect. This considering that such grades of coal from Indonesia typically have high moisture content, which makes transportation cost per unit of energy generated higher. The quantum of the low grade of coal (<5100 kcal/kg adb) procured from Indonesia is likely to remain relatively low.
However, if the new definition of low grade coal is applied (<5700 kcal/kg adb), it may be reasonable to believe that such a ban may have impact on the Indian power sector as volumes in this grade of coal are expected to rise in the proportion of coal exports to India. Several of the acquisitions made by Indian power generation companies in Indonesia have been in coal blocks that will produce coal of this grade, and a blanket ban on the exports can jeopardize power plant development in India.
On the other hand, the domestic Indonesian market may not be prepared to consume all the coal mined of this grade in view of the power generation capacity addition plans in Indonesia. In such a case, the coal mine development is likely to be deferred. The Indonesian law makers may need to reconsider domestic market demand, investment climate in coal sector and impact of the legislation on the export revenues.
What is the alternative source for Indian power industry if the proposed coal export ban come into effect by 2014?
Indian power generation companies have been forced to look out for coal assets abroad due to the investment and regulatory environment within the country. India boasts of more than 110 billion tonnes of coal reserves, which largely fall within a 300 meters of depth. If the regulatory and investment environment is amended to allow greater participation of private sector Indian dependence on imports will be reduced.
However, for imports, India will continue to look at Indonesia, South Africa, Australia and newer destinations like Mozambique and Columbia. But these sources also have constraints, domestic demands in South Africa is likely to restrict quantum jump in exports out of South Africa. Indonesia has also proposed domestic market obligations. Mozambique may have infrastructure constraints for large volumes of coal being transported from Tete province to ports of Maputo, Ncala or Beira. Australian coal is of high quality but may have higher costs of mining and transport.
What would be the additional cost if Indian consumers switch their sourcing origin from Indonesia?
Indonesia has competitive advantage due to its geographical closeness. However, on a per tonne basis, assuming comparable quality, costs of transport may make marginal difference when compared with South Africa and Mozambique.
When compared to Australian coal, due to the high quality, cost of energy may well be comparable even though shipping costs are higher. Between Indonesian coal (5500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 90 per tonne) and Australian coal (6500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 120 per tonne), indicative variable cost difference of power generation may be about Indian Rupees 0.20 to 0.30 per kWh (electricity unit) in favor of Indonesian coal.
Will it affect Indian economy growth or this coal export ban is ignorable as India can easily identify alternative sources of fuel?
The magnitude of growth in power generation in India will necessarily mean that coal will remain the mainstay. Natural gas has had issues of availability. Nuclear plant development is facing socio-political challenge in view of the risks of technology failure. Development of hydel power has also faced issues of land acquisition, rehabilitation & resettlement apart from the technical issues of hydro-geological features. Renewable sources such as solar and wind generation are still projected to constitute a small portion of India power generation mix. Identifying an alternative source that can match coal in its accessibility, availability and affordability in the context of scale of capacity addition required in India is a challenge.
What is the Indian government's role on this issue, whether government has to come out with the solution such as easing Indian mining and environment law, open up mining for foreigners, G2G arrangement, etc…?
There is a need to look at domestic sources with pro-active and constructive approach and make all necessary legal and statutory amendments that make the resources available and mineable. Easing the regulations may not be one of such measures but making those regulations work in sync with each other in a time bound and predictable manner must certainly be.
There is certainly a case for opening the domestic coal sector for private participation, including independent miners, and for foreign participation so that newer technology and enhanced scale of operations are implemented in India. The regulation also needs to permit risk capital to come in for prospecting and exploration.
For imports the G2G relations can be leveraged to secure coal assets. India has good relationship with Indonesia and has also signed a tax treaty with Mozambique in 2010 which will facilitate investments. Government may also engage with these countries to ease exports to India and extend fiscal support to coal mining companies investing in mining and associated infrastructure development.
About Dipesh Dipu
Dipesh Dipu works as Director with Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India Pvt. Ltd in the Energy and Resources consulting practice of the firm and anchors the Firm’s initiative in the mining and metals sectors.
He is a mining engineering graduate from Indian School of Mines and is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA). He has also done executive program in business management from Indian Institute of Management Calcutta. Dipesh has recently been awarded the Abheraj Baldota Gold Medal for the Young Mining Engineer of the Year 2007 by the Mining Engineers’ Association of India in recognition of his contributions in the improvement of mining industry in India.
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Wednesday, 24 November 21
WHY THIS MINING ANALYST IS UPBEAT ON THE IRON ORE PRICE FORECAST - MOTLEY FOOL
In many ways, 2021 can be called the year of the iron ore price. Much of the talk of the ASX town this year has revolved around this key economic m ...
Wednesday, 24 November 21
PRICE OF CHINA’S COAL FUTURE DROPS BY 60% AS NATIONWIDE DAILY OUTPUT REACHES OVER 12 MILLION TONS: NDRC - GLOBAL TIMES
China’s daily coal output has now stabilized after reaching over 12 million tons and the price of coal futures has declined to 800 yuan ($125 ...
Friday, 19 November 21
CHINA: COAL SUPPLIES TO STABILIZE FOR COMING COLD SEASON
China is capable of ensuring stable coal supplies this winter and next spring with the increase in coal production and the rising stockpiles at pow ...
Wednesday, 17 November 21
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
It has been another declining week for the dry bulk market and evidently, we are seeing asset values gradually losing momentum as well. Following a ...
Tuesday, 16 November 21
EARNINGS RECOVERY IN INDONESIAN COAL TO CONTINUE THROUGH 2021, BUT SLOW IN 2022 - FITCH RATINGS
The recovery in the operating and financial performance of Indonesian coal miners and coal contractors is likely to slow in 2022, but coal prices s ...
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- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- MS Steel International - UAE
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Planning Commission, India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
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