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Tuesday, 06 September 11
INDONESIAS PROPOSED COAL EXPORT BAN MAY HAVE IMPACT ON THE INDIAN POWER SECTOR - DIPESH DIPU
.jpg) COALspot.com - This is a special interview about Indonesian proposed coal export ban by 2014, with Mr. Dipesh Dipu, Director of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, India.
The Indonesian government is currently in the process of drafting a new regulation that could ban the export of low-grade coal by January 12, 2014. This is likely to apply to coal below 5700 kcal/kg on air dried basis in value.
As of now Indonesia is producing around 150 million tons of coal with calorific value below 5700 GAD (according to chairman of Indonesian coal mining association). However by 2014, there are possibilities the total production of below 5700 GAD coal may reach more than 200 million per annum.
Will Indonesian coal export ban impact on the Indian fuel requirements?
The earlier grade of coal that was being considered for proposed ban has GCV of 5100 kcal/kg of less (adb), which can be comparable to 3800-4200 kcal/kg (arb) domestic coal available in India. This grade of coal has found favor in India primarily due to likely price advantage but economics of power generation based on such grade of imported coal may be a suspect. This considering that such grades of coal from Indonesia typically have high moisture content, which makes transportation cost per unit of energy generated higher. The quantum of the low grade of coal (<5100 kcal/kg adb) procured from Indonesia is likely to remain relatively low.
However, if the new definition of low grade coal is applied (<5700 kcal/kg adb), it may be reasonable to believe that such a ban may have impact on the Indian power sector as volumes in this grade of coal are expected to rise in the proportion of coal exports to India. Several of the acquisitions made by Indian power generation companies in Indonesia have been in coal blocks that will produce coal of this grade, and a blanket ban on the exports can jeopardize power plant development in India.
On the other hand, the domestic Indonesian market may not be prepared to consume all the coal mined of this grade in view of the power generation capacity addition plans in Indonesia. In such a case, the coal mine development is likely to be deferred. The Indonesian law makers may need to reconsider domestic market demand, investment climate in coal sector and impact of the legislation on the export revenues.
What is the alternative source for Indian power industry if the proposed coal export ban come into effect by 2014?
Indian power generation companies have been forced to look out for coal assets abroad due to the investment and regulatory environment within the country. India boasts of more than 110 billion tonnes of coal reserves, which largely fall within a 300 meters of depth. If the regulatory and investment environment is amended to allow greater participation of private sector Indian dependence on imports will be reduced.
However, for imports, India will continue to look at Indonesia, South Africa, Australia and newer destinations like Mozambique and Columbia. But these sources also have constraints, domestic demands in South Africa is likely to restrict quantum jump in exports out of South Africa. Indonesia has also proposed domestic market obligations. Mozambique may have infrastructure constraints for large volumes of coal being transported from Tete province to ports of Maputo, Ncala or Beira. Australian coal is of high quality but may have higher costs of mining and transport.
What would be the additional cost if Indian consumers switch their sourcing origin from Indonesia?
Indonesia has competitive advantage due to its geographical closeness. However, on a per tonne basis, assuming comparable quality, costs of transport may make marginal difference when compared with South Africa and Mozambique.
When compared to Australian coal, due to the high quality, cost of energy may well be comparable even though shipping costs are higher. Between Indonesian coal (5500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 90 per tonne) and Australian coal (6500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 120 per tonne), indicative variable cost difference of power generation may be about Indian Rupees 0.20 to 0.30 per kWh (electricity unit) in favor of Indonesian coal.
Will it affect Indian economy growth or this coal export ban is ignorable as India can easily identify alternative sources of fuel?
The magnitude of growth in power generation in India will necessarily mean that coal will remain the mainstay. Natural gas has had issues of availability. Nuclear plant development is facing socio-political challenge in view of the risks of technology failure. Development of hydel power has also faced issues of land acquisition, rehabilitation & resettlement apart from the technical issues of hydro-geological features. Renewable sources such as solar and wind generation are still projected to constitute a small portion of India power generation mix. Identifying an alternative source that can match coal in its accessibility, availability and affordability in the context of scale of capacity addition required in India is a challenge.
What is the Indian government's role on this issue, whether government has to come out with the solution such as easing Indian mining and environment law, open up mining for foreigners, G2G arrangement, etc…?
There is a need to look at domestic sources with pro-active and constructive approach and make all necessary legal and statutory amendments that make the resources available and mineable. Easing the regulations may not be one of such measures but making those regulations work in sync with each other in a time bound and predictable manner must certainly be.
There is certainly a case for opening the domestic coal sector for private participation, including independent miners, and for foreign participation so that newer technology and enhanced scale of operations are implemented in India. The regulation also needs to permit risk capital to come in for prospecting and exploration.
For imports the G2G relations can be leveraged to secure coal assets. India has good relationship with Indonesia and has also signed a tax treaty with Mozambique in 2010 which will facilitate investments. Government may also engage with these countries to ease exports to India and extend fiscal support to coal mining companies investing in mining and associated infrastructure development.
About Dipesh Dipu
Dipesh Dipu works as Director with Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India Pvt. Ltd in the Energy and Resources consulting practice of the firm and anchors the Firm’s initiative in the mining and metals sectors.
He is a mining engineering graduate from Indian School of Mines and is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA). He has also done executive program in business management from Indian Institute of Management Calcutta. Dipesh has recently been awarded the Abheraj Baldota Gold Medal for the Young Mining Engineer of the Year 2007 by the Mining Engineers’ Association of India in recognition of his contributions in the improvement of mining industry in India.
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Monday, 26 May 14
SUB-BIT FOB INDO COAL SWAP Q1' 15 DELIVERIES CLOSED AT US$ 59.40 PER MT
COALspot.com: Indonesian coal swaps for average Q3’ 2014 lost on day, week and on month according to AsiaClear OTC coal swap's reports re ...
Monday, 26 May 14
Q3 14 CFR SOUTH CHINA COAL SWAPS LOST 2.24% MONTH ON MONTH
COALspot.com: API 8 CFR South China Coal swaps for average Q3 14 deliveries lost 2.24 percent month on month and closed at US$ 73.88 per mt as on F ...
Monday, 26 May 14
NEWBUILDING ORDERING ACTIVITY RISES BY 78% IN DWT TONNAGE OVER THE FIRST 4 MONTHS OF THE YEARS, AS OWNERS INVEST$40.5 BN - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING NEWS
Ship owners have plunged into newbuilding orders during the first four months of the year, as overall newbuilding business ended for the first four ...
Sunday, 25 May 14
FREIGHT RATES FROM SOUTH KALIMANTAN TO EAST COAST INDIAN PORTS WERE ASSESSED AT $9.50/MT
COALspot.com: The BDI was closed at 964 points down by 6.13 pct week on week. The Cape Index was lost 172 points or 11.24% week on week and closing ...
Saturday, 24 May 14
DRY BULK MARKET'S RECOVERY IS JUST AROUND THE CORNER SAYS SHIPOWNER - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING NEWS
Despite the weaker than expected market sentiment in the dry bulk market over the course of the past few months, analysts and shipowners alike appe ...
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- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- PTC India Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Parliament of New Zealand
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- The University of Queensland
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
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