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Tuesday, 06 September 11
INDONESIAS PROPOSED COAL EXPORT BAN MAY HAVE IMPACT ON THE INDIAN POWER SECTOR - DIPESH DIPU
.jpg) COALspot.com - This is a special interview about Indonesian proposed coal export ban by 2014, with Mr. Dipesh Dipu, Director of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, India.
The Indonesian government is currently in the process of drafting a new regulation that could ban the export of low-grade coal by January 12, 2014. This is likely to apply to coal below 5700 kcal/kg on air dried basis in value.
As of now Indonesia is producing around 150 million tons of coal with calorific value below 5700 GAD (according to chairman of Indonesian coal mining association). However by 2014, there are possibilities the total production of below 5700 GAD coal may reach more than 200 million per annum.
Will Indonesian coal export ban impact on the Indian fuel requirements?
The earlier grade of coal that was being considered for proposed ban has GCV of 5100 kcal/kg of less (adb), which can be comparable to 3800-4200 kcal/kg (arb) domestic coal available in India. This grade of coal has found favor in India primarily due to likely price advantage but economics of power generation based on such grade of imported coal may be a suspect. This considering that such grades of coal from Indonesia typically have high moisture content, which makes transportation cost per unit of energy generated higher. The quantum of the low grade of coal (<5100 kcal/kg adb) procured from Indonesia is likely to remain relatively low.
However, if the new definition of low grade coal is applied (<5700 kcal/kg adb), it may be reasonable to believe that such a ban may have impact on the Indian power sector as volumes in this grade of coal are expected to rise in the proportion of coal exports to India. Several of the acquisitions made by Indian power generation companies in Indonesia have been in coal blocks that will produce coal of this grade, and a blanket ban on the exports can jeopardize power plant development in India.
On the other hand, the domestic Indonesian market may not be prepared to consume all the coal mined of this grade in view of the power generation capacity addition plans in Indonesia. In such a case, the coal mine development is likely to be deferred. The Indonesian law makers may need to reconsider domestic market demand, investment climate in coal sector and impact of the legislation on the export revenues.
What is the alternative source for Indian power industry if the proposed coal export ban come into effect by 2014?
Indian power generation companies have been forced to look out for coal assets abroad due to the investment and regulatory environment within the country. India boasts of more than 110 billion tonnes of coal reserves, which largely fall within a 300 meters of depth. If the regulatory and investment environment is amended to allow greater participation of private sector Indian dependence on imports will be reduced.
However, for imports, India will continue to look at Indonesia, South Africa, Australia and newer destinations like Mozambique and Columbia. But these sources also have constraints, domestic demands in South Africa is likely to restrict quantum jump in exports out of South Africa. Indonesia has also proposed domestic market obligations. Mozambique may have infrastructure constraints for large volumes of coal being transported from Tete province to ports of Maputo, Ncala or Beira. Australian coal is of high quality but may have higher costs of mining and transport.
What would be the additional cost if Indian consumers switch their sourcing origin from Indonesia?
Indonesia has competitive advantage due to its geographical closeness. However, on a per tonne basis, assuming comparable quality, costs of transport may make marginal difference when compared with South Africa and Mozambique.
When compared to Australian coal, due to the high quality, cost of energy may well be comparable even though shipping costs are higher. Between Indonesian coal (5500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 90 per tonne) and Australian coal (6500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 120 per tonne), indicative variable cost difference of power generation may be about Indian Rupees 0.20 to 0.30 per kWh (electricity unit) in favor of Indonesian coal.
Will it affect Indian economy growth or this coal export ban is ignorable as India can easily identify alternative sources of fuel?
The magnitude of growth in power generation in India will necessarily mean that coal will remain the mainstay. Natural gas has had issues of availability. Nuclear plant development is facing socio-political challenge in view of the risks of technology failure. Development of hydel power has also faced issues of land acquisition, rehabilitation & resettlement apart from the technical issues of hydro-geological features. Renewable sources such as solar and wind generation are still projected to constitute a small portion of India power generation mix. Identifying an alternative source that can match coal in its accessibility, availability and affordability in the context of scale of capacity addition required in India is a challenge.
What is the Indian government's role on this issue, whether government has to come out with the solution such as easing Indian mining and environment law, open up mining for foreigners, G2G arrangement, etc…?
There is a need to look at domestic sources with pro-active and constructive approach and make all necessary legal and statutory amendments that make the resources available and mineable. Easing the regulations may not be one of such measures but making those regulations work in sync with each other in a time bound and predictable manner must certainly be.
There is certainly a case for opening the domestic coal sector for private participation, including independent miners, and for foreign participation so that newer technology and enhanced scale of operations are implemented in India. The regulation also needs to permit risk capital to come in for prospecting and exploration.
For imports the G2G relations can be leveraged to secure coal assets. India has good relationship with Indonesia and has also signed a tax treaty with Mozambique in 2010 which will facilitate investments. Government may also engage with these countries to ease exports to India and extend fiscal support to coal mining companies investing in mining and associated infrastructure development.
About Dipesh Dipu
Dipesh Dipu works as Director with Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India Pvt. Ltd in the Energy and Resources consulting practice of the firm and anchors the Firm’s initiative in the mining and metals sectors.
He is a mining engineering graduate from Indian School of Mines and is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA). He has also done executive program in business management from Indian Institute of Management Calcutta. Dipesh has recently been awarded the Abheraj Baldota Gold Medal for the Young Mining Engineer of the Year 2007 by the Mining Engineers’ Association of India in recognition of his contributions in the improvement of mining industry in India.
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Thursday, 26 March 15
KYUSHU ELECTRIC POWER OF JAPAN HAS JOINED GLOBALCOAL ONLINE COAL TRADING PLATFORM
globalCOAL® announced today that Kyushu Electric Power, one of Japan’s largest utility companies, has joined its online coal trading plat ...
Wednesday, 25 March 15
MARKET INSIGHT: TANKER CHARTERING - KATERINA RESTIS
The 1st of January 2015, as broadly reported, denoted the beginning date of new and progressive emission regulations for vessels operating within t ...
Wednesday, 25 March 15
AUSTRALIA SET TO ONCE AGAIN BE THE WORLD'S LARGEST COAL EXPORTER - COAL, MINERALS COUNCIL OF AUSTRALIA
Greg Evans, Executive Director - Coal, Minerals Council of Australia
Media Release: The latest Resources and Energy Quarterly published by the ...
Wednesday, 25 March 15
AUSTRALIA UPSTREAM ENERGY FIRMS FACE RISING OIL PRICE EXPOSURE - FITCH
Fitch Ratings says the Australian oil and gas companies involved in exploration and production face higher exposure to oil price-linked revenues, w ...
Wednesday, 25 March 15
2014 : UK COAL IMPORTS DECLINED 17%; GERMANY COAL IMPORTS UP 6%
Hard Coal Market 2014: Despite The Energy Turnaround, Hard Coal Imports To Germany Rise By More Than 6%, Although Hard Coal-Fired Power Generation ...
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- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Australian Coal Association
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- PTC India Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
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