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Tuesday, 06 September 11
INDONESIAS PROPOSED COAL EXPORT BAN MAY HAVE IMPACT ON THE INDIAN POWER SECTOR - DIPESH DIPU
.jpg) COALspot.com - This is a special interview about Indonesian proposed coal export ban by 2014, with Mr. Dipesh Dipu, Director of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, India.
The Indonesian government is currently in the process of drafting a new regulation that could ban the export of low-grade coal by January 12, 2014. This is likely to apply to coal below 5700 kcal/kg on air dried basis in value.
As of now Indonesia is producing around 150 million tons of coal with calorific value below 5700 GAD (according to chairman of Indonesian coal mining association). However by 2014, there are possibilities the total production of below 5700 GAD coal may reach more than 200 million per annum.
Will Indonesian coal export ban impact on the Indian fuel requirements?
The earlier grade of coal that was being considered for proposed ban has GCV of 5100 kcal/kg of less (adb), which can be comparable to 3800-4200 kcal/kg (arb) domestic coal available in India. This grade of coal has found favor in India primarily due to likely price advantage but economics of power generation based on such grade of imported coal may be a suspect. This considering that such grades of coal from Indonesia typically have high moisture content, which makes transportation cost per unit of energy generated higher. The quantum of the low grade of coal (<5100 kcal/kg adb) procured from Indonesia is likely to remain relatively low.
However, if the new definition of low grade coal is applied (<5700 kcal/kg adb), it may be reasonable to believe that such a ban may have impact on the Indian power sector as volumes in this grade of coal are expected to rise in the proportion of coal exports to India. Several of the acquisitions made by Indian power generation companies in Indonesia have been in coal blocks that will produce coal of this grade, and a blanket ban on the exports can jeopardize power plant development in India.
On the other hand, the domestic Indonesian market may not be prepared to consume all the coal mined of this grade in view of the power generation capacity addition plans in Indonesia. In such a case, the coal mine development is likely to be deferred. The Indonesian law makers may need to reconsider domestic market demand, investment climate in coal sector and impact of the legislation on the export revenues.
What is the alternative source for Indian power industry if the proposed coal export ban come into effect by 2014?
Indian power generation companies have been forced to look out for coal assets abroad due to the investment and regulatory environment within the country. India boasts of more than 110 billion tonnes of coal reserves, which largely fall within a 300 meters of depth. If the regulatory and investment environment is amended to allow greater participation of private sector Indian dependence on imports will be reduced.
However, for imports, India will continue to look at Indonesia, South Africa, Australia and newer destinations like Mozambique and Columbia. But these sources also have constraints, domestic demands in South Africa is likely to restrict quantum jump in exports out of South Africa. Indonesia has also proposed domestic market obligations. Mozambique may have infrastructure constraints for large volumes of coal being transported from Tete province to ports of Maputo, Ncala or Beira. Australian coal is of high quality but may have higher costs of mining and transport.
What would be the additional cost if Indian consumers switch their sourcing origin from Indonesia?
Indonesia has competitive advantage due to its geographical closeness. However, on a per tonne basis, assuming comparable quality, costs of transport may make marginal difference when compared with South Africa and Mozambique.
When compared to Australian coal, due to the high quality, cost of energy may well be comparable even though shipping costs are higher. Between Indonesian coal (5500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 90 per tonne) and Australian coal (6500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 120 per tonne), indicative variable cost difference of power generation may be about Indian Rupees 0.20 to 0.30 per kWh (electricity unit) in favor of Indonesian coal.
Will it affect Indian economy growth or this coal export ban is ignorable as India can easily identify alternative sources of fuel?
The magnitude of growth in power generation in India will necessarily mean that coal will remain the mainstay. Natural gas has had issues of availability. Nuclear plant development is facing socio-political challenge in view of the risks of technology failure. Development of hydel power has also faced issues of land acquisition, rehabilitation & resettlement apart from the technical issues of hydro-geological features. Renewable sources such as solar and wind generation are still projected to constitute a small portion of India power generation mix. Identifying an alternative source that can match coal in its accessibility, availability and affordability in the context of scale of capacity addition required in India is a challenge.
What is the Indian government's role on this issue, whether government has to come out with the solution such as easing Indian mining and environment law, open up mining for foreigners, G2G arrangement, etc…?
There is a need to look at domestic sources with pro-active and constructive approach and make all necessary legal and statutory amendments that make the resources available and mineable. Easing the regulations may not be one of such measures but making those regulations work in sync with each other in a time bound and predictable manner must certainly be.
There is certainly a case for opening the domestic coal sector for private participation, including independent miners, and for foreign participation so that newer technology and enhanced scale of operations are implemented in India. The regulation also needs to permit risk capital to come in for prospecting and exploration.
For imports the G2G relations can be leveraged to secure coal assets. India has good relationship with Indonesia and has also signed a tax treaty with Mozambique in 2010 which will facilitate investments. Government may also engage with these countries to ease exports to India and extend fiscal support to coal mining companies investing in mining and associated infrastructure development.
About Dipesh Dipu
Dipesh Dipu works as Director with Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India Pvt. Ltd in the Energy and Resources consulting practice of the firm and anchors the Firm’s initiative in the mining and metals sectors.
He is a mining engineering graduate from Indian School of Mines and is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA). He has also done executive program in business management from Indian Institute of Management Calcutta. Dipesh has recently been awarded the Abheraj Baldota Gold Medal for the Young Mining Engineer of the Year 2007 by the Mining Engineers’ Association of India in recognition of his contributions in the improvement of mining industry in India.
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Friday, 31 July 15
CAPE'S PAPER MARKET REMAINS FIRM - INTERMODAL
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Wednesday, 29 July 15
Q1'16 FOB INDONESIA COAL SWAP CLOSED HIGHER THAN Q3'15
COALspot.com: Indonesian coal swap for delivery Q3 2015 declined month on month and gains week over week, this past week.
The Q3 swap was decl ...
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- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
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- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
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- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
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- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
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- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
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- Australian Coal Association
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
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- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Planning Commission, India
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- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
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- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
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- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
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- The University of Queensland
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- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
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- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
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- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
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- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
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- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
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- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
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- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
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- Petron Corporation, Philippines
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- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
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- Mjunction Services Limited - India
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- MS Steel International - UAE
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Deloitte Consulting - India
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- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- ASAPP Information Group - India
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- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
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- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Economic Council, Georgia
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- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
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- Parliament of New Zealand
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- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
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